Arrangement of multiple objects in microelectronics and microelectromechanical systems can be made precisely on a single platform using optical lithography, as manufacturing technique. Success in optical lithography lies in its speed and low cost manufacturing. However, so far its resolution is limited to feature sizes longer than 100 nanometers. (Majundan)

Some nonosize structures:
1. Electrical conductors (one atom thick)
2. Logic gate (few atoms)
3. Binary digit (absence of presence of single electron)

We can do anything, especially for nanosize devices if we can manipulate atoms individually and place them exactly where it is necessary to produce desired structure. (Smalley)

Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) helped us in imaging and manipulation of individual atoms and molecules. This ability of STM helps us working with small particles. STM was invented by Rohrer and Binning in IBM’s Zurich laboratory in early 1980s. Its simplicity and its low cost make STM remarkable. The Images produced by the STM come from electronic arrangement as well as the geometry of the model. (Foster)

The needle from STM is made of metal tungsten. Its tip is very sharp that there is just a single atom of very small cluster of atoms sticking out. (Darling)