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A cell's organelles are crucial to the function of the cell. They carry out many of the processes that enable the cell to live.
A thin layer of lipids and proteins that separates the cells' contents from its' environment controls what enters and leaves the cell. Cell Wall This structure is found only in plants. It is a tough, rigid outer covering that protects a plant cell and helps it maintain its shape. Centrioles These cylindric organelles participate in cell division as micortubule organizing centers. They are Composed of tubulin in a characteristic arrangement of nine microtubular triplets. Chloroplast Structures in cells that enable the plant to make sugars through photosyntesis. Chromatin Consist of coiled DNA bound to basic proteins called histones and some less well defined non-histone proteins. Chromosomes Contains the cell's genetic information . It has the genetic blueprint that controls all cellular activity such as growth and cell division.
Cytoskeleton Network of protein fibers extending throughout the cytoplasm. It gives the cell support and helps it maintain its shape. It also enables the cell itself to move. Endoplasmic Reticulum When ribosmes are attached to the cystolic side of the membrane it is considered to be rough ER. Rough ER is prominent in cells that are making proteins for export such as digestive enzymes, hormones, structural proteins, or antibodies. Smooth ER makes lipids, processes carbohydrates, and modifies chemicals that are toxic to the cell. Golgi Complex A curved membrane stack resembling a stack of pancakes. It finishes the past transitional modifications, concentrates and packages proteins for export or storage. Lysosomes Contain digestive enzymes that help break down large molecules of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. They digest old organelles that are no longer useful to the cell. Mitochondria The cell powerhouses contain the molecular machinery for the conversion of energy from the break down of glucose into ATP, which is the energy source of the cell. Nucleus A spherical, sometimes elongated structure that contains the genetic material. It is called the control center of the cell. Ribosomes Small organelles composed of ribosomal DNA and some different proteins.
For more information on cell organelles visit <http://www.sciencenet.org.uk/database/Biology/Cell_Biology/b00308c.html> |
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