Which philosopher anticipated a form of vaguely evolutionary thinking?
Democritus
Aristotle
Plato
Archimedes

Which two medieval ideas discouraged evolutionary thinking?
Christian theology and spontaneous generation
Christian theology and astrology
Christian theology and the feudal system
Spontaneous generation and the feudal system

Which philosopher actually suggested that primate species might acquire new qualities and develop into humans?
Aristotle
Thomas Aquinas
Nícolo Machiavelli
Immanuel Kant

The term "Lamarckism", derived from the theory of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, is now used to describe which idea?
The Ladder of Progress
Social Darwinism
The human species alone did not result from evolutionary processes
The inheritance of acquired characteristics

Whose work inspired both Charles Darwin and Alfred Russell Wallace to develop the idea of natural selection?
The British Royal Society
Carolus Linnaeus
Thomas Malthus
Immanuel Kant

Which progressivist notion was given inadvertent support by evolutionary theory?
The Wall of Humanity
The Upward Climb
The Ascent of Man
The Great Chain of Being

What is the synthesis between evolution and genetics called?
The Modern Synthesis
Genetic Evolution
Synthetic Evolution
Evolutionary Genetics

What did Mendelian genetics reveal?
Inheritance of acquired characteristics
Particulate inheritance
Linear inheritance
Blending inheritance

Who was the chief exponent of Social Darwinism?
Charles Darwin
Herbert Spencer
Friedrich Nietszche
August Weismann

Which fallacy is exemplified by Social Darwinism?
The arrogant fallacy
Reductio ad absurdum
The naturalistic fallacy
The flawed fallacy

Why is Wallace less frequently remembered than Charles Darwin in discussions of evolutionary theory?
Wallace published his book after the The Origin of Species
Darwin developed his ideas further, and Wallace retracted some of his ideas about the evolution of humans
Darwin really stole his idea from Wallace, but no one wants to reveal that fact
Wallace was a minority and social context of the time marginalized him

Who famously won a debate with noted religious personage Bishop Wilberforce?
Charles Darwin
Richard Dawkins
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Thomas Huxley

Whose work demonstrated that inheritance of acquired characteristics did not occur?
Ronald Fisher
Charles Darwin
Alfred Russell Wallace
August Weismann

Ronald Fisher was one of the primary authors of which theory?
The Modern Synthesis
Natural selection
Philosophical naturalism
Punctuated equilibrium

Which theory did Richard Goldschmidt propose?
The "helpful beast" theory, by which organisms beneficial to man arise spontaneously
The "brown bear" theory, by which all animals have adaptive coloration
The "green beard effect", by which genes produce markers identifying targets for helpful efforts
The "hopeful monster" theory, by which entirely new organisms arise in a single generation

Why did Edward Wilson's book Sociobiology create controversy?
It implied that all humans were genetically equal
It applied evolutionary reasoning to the properties of the human mind
It argued that men and women will always be culturally and behaviorally distinct
It confirmed the ethical evaluations of the Social Darwinists

Which two scientists co-authored the theory of punctuated equilibrium?
Stephen Jay Gould and Richard Lewontin
Niles Eldredge and Richard Lewontin
Niles Eldredge and John Maynard Smith
Stephen Jay Gould and Niles Eldredge

Who has not maintained a genetically based view of natural selection?
George Williams
William Hamilton
Richard Dawkins
Stephen Jay Gould

Who thinks that the human capacity for language is an adaptation?
Stephen Jay Gould
Noam Chomsky
Steven Pinker
All of the above

Which theorist's ideas form the fundamental basis of this website?
Richard Lewontin
Noam Chomsky
Stephen Jay Gould
Richard Dawkins