(1/3) Sydney Brenner - Born in Germiston, South Africa, he earned his doctorate in chemistry at Oxford University (England). During his life as a chemist, he discovered the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and the codon (gives instructions for the making of proteins in DNA and RNA) He worked with Francis Crick (1962 Nobel Prize in Medicine winner). He worked with Horvitz and Sulston on the discovery that they could manipulate programmed cell death with certain chemicals which won them all a portion of the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 2002. This discovery lead to the understanding of how some human diseases work. These diseases included acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), coronary heart disease, and stroke. (1/3) H. Robert Horvitz - Born in Chicago, Illinois, he earned his undergraduate degree at MIT and his doctorate at Harvard University. He worked on research with Brenner and Sulston where they studied programmed cell death and won a portion of the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 2002. This discovery lead to the understanding how some human diseases work. These diseases included acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), coronary heart disease, and stroke. (1/3) Sir John E. Sulston - Born in Fulmer, England, he earned his doctorate in organic chemistry at the University of Cambridge. During his work with Brenner and Horvitz, he found that if certain genes are changed, he could program cell death. As a result John E. Sulston won a portion of the Nobel Prize for Medicine for 2002. This discovery led to the understanding how some human diseases work. These diseases included acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), coronary heart disease, and stroke.