The civilization of what we call ancient Egypt started about 3,000 B.C., when Menes united Upper and Lower Egypt. This was also the first Egyptian time period in which irrigation was used to water crops. From 2920 B.C. to 332 B.C. was Egypt's golden age. Many large temples, monuments, and pyramids where built, and Egypt's foreign trade flourished.
Archaic Period Pre 2575 B.C |
Upper and Lower Egypt are united. |
Old Kingdom, or Age of Pyramids 2575-2134 B.C. |
Crafts and architecture are developed. |
First Intermediate period 2134-2040 B.C. |
Weak Pharaohs ruling and widespread famine caused panic. |
Middle Kingdom 2040-1640 B.C. |
There where strong pharaohs again and trade revived. |
Second intermediate period 1640-1550 B.C. |
The Pharaohs lost control, and the Hyksos took over the delta region. |
New Kingdom 1550-1070 B.C. |
Ahmose ousts the hated Hyksos and he and the following pharaohs expand Egypt’s frontiers to form an empire. |
Third Intermediate Period 1070-712 B.C. |
Power is divided between pharaohs and high priests. |
Late period 712-332 B.C. |
Successive invasions by Nubian, Assyria, and Persia take over Egypt. In 332 B.C., Alexander the great freed Egypt from Persian rule. |
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