Types of Volcanic Material

      There are three different kinds of volcanic material: lava, rock fragments, and gas.  There are also properties of lava and kinds of lava.  Lava is molten which means melted to liquid.  The lava comes out of the volcano.  In the center of Earth a core is the source of the rock melting.  Then the lava comes out of the volcano at that time the ground is about 11 times hotter than the boiling point!  Lava makes silicate which is made up of silicon and oxygen.   It is close to really hot water materials in a formula of granite, or in different word basalt which means a dark fine grained rock.  When the lava cools some crystals form in this process.  A lot of glass forms.

     Volcanoes, or you can call them fissures which mean cracks, have lava which are sometimes explosive.  The volcanoes sometimes let out some dust.  Some have a lot of evaporated gas.  When the gas expands, it is caught in the lava and make bubbles.  Pumice a type of lava that has a lot of bubbles.

     Lands that had lava on it are now fertile.  The reason for this is that lava breaks up the ground.  Lavas called Perlite can be heated in furnaces.  They can be made into light concrete.

     There are two kinds of lava.  They are called AA, which is a funny name, and pahoehoe.  Aa is really sticky.  Poehoehoe is a fluid that goes down the volcano faster than a person can run. Both cool very quickly! The lava inside makes the lava outside crack open so the lava flows down the volcano.  In the process it leaves a gigantic hole. 

     Rock fragments are called taphra and are formed from aa.  When the sticky lava starts forming the gas cannot be easily released.  Last, the gas makes pressure that blasts the lava into taphra. 

     A lot of gas comes out during eruptions.  The gas is made of steam.  It includes carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen, and different gases.  Most of it comes from magma.  The gas carries dust. It looks like dark smoke.