| Ash |
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Ash
from volcanoes is made up of small pieces of rock,
glass, and minerals.
Ash pieces are not bigger than 2 millimeters in size. Volcano
ash is not like regular ash from burning wood or paper. That
kind of ash dissolves in water, but volcano ash does not because
it is made of hard materials. The ash from volcanoes is rough,
and when it is wet electricity can pass through it. Ash is made
when a volcano erupts violently. During the eruption rocks and
other materials are broken into the tiny pieces. |
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| Block |
| Blocks
are large rocks that are bigger than 64 millimeters. These rocks
are usually old pieces of lava that are part of the crust from
old lava flows at the top of the volcano. They are thrown out
of the volcano during violent eruptions. |
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| Bomb |
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Bombs
are large hot molten pieces of lava that are bigger than 64
millimeters. When they fly through the air after they are thrown
out of the volcano bombs become rounded. There are five different
kinds of bombs. they are the breadcrust bombs, ribbon bombs,
spindle bombs, spherical bombs, and cow dung bombs. They get
their names from their shapes. |
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| Gas |
| Gas
from inside the earth is trapped in magma. When a volcano erupts
the gas is released into the atmosphere. Sometimes when the
volcano is not erupting gasses come from the vents.
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| Lapilli |
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Pieces
of material erupted from a volcano that are between 2 millimeters
and 64 millimeters big are called lapilli. Lapilli is an Italian
word that means little rock. |
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| Scoria |
| Scoria
is a glassy bubbly rock. It is made of
basalt or andecite.
Gasses that escape during violent eruptions make the scoria.
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| Spatter |
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Spatter
is made up of tiny lava fragments that are shot out of a volcano
and fall down into a flat shape on the ground. Spatter pieces
form a spatter cone around a volcano vent. |
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| Tephra |
| Tephra
is the name given to any thing thrown out of a volcano during
a violent eruptions. Blocks, bombs, rock, scoria, pumice, retibulite,
and ash are all tephra. |
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