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What is a tree? A tree is a large plant with a woody trunk, often having branches and leaves at some distances from the ground and living for more than two years, usually many many more years. J. Sterling Morton and his family planted many trees during their time at Arbor Lodge. Trees are what Arbor Day is all about. Mr. Morton said "most holidays celebrate the past but Arbor Day celebrates the future." Arbor Day was declared a holiday on April 4, 1872 by J. Sterling Morton. On the first celebrated Arbor Day, it is said that over one million trees were planted in the state of Nebraska. In Nebraska City, Arbor Day is celebrated on the last Friday in April. Food for
the table Wood for
the stove Shade
for the body Beauty
for the soul by
J.
Sterling Morton Games,
special events, yummy food and a great parade
happen on Arbor Day in Nebraska City. Lots of
people from around the area attend the yearly event
to participate in all the numerous
events. Roosevelt--4/15/1907--Encouraged
school children to talk about trees. Harding-4/22/1922--Golden
Anniversary decree to continue the spirit and worth
of Arbor Day Government-4/22/1932--Issued
a commemorative 2-cent postage stamp to celebrate
the 60th anniversary of the founding of Arbor Day
(100th Birthday of J. Sterling
Morton) Link to Other States that celebrate Arbor Day Links to find out more about Arbor Day
The tree is shaped by
it's environment. Broadleaved trees--are
named that because their leaves are broad. Example
of broadleaved trees are oak, beech and maples.
These trees lose their leaves every fall which
makes them deciduous. Deciduous tree--type of
tree that lose their leaves at a certain time each
year. This tree has broad leaves. Examples of a
deciduous tree are ash, beech, birch, maple and
oak. Some scientists think that trees can save more
water if they lose their leaves. A process called
transpiration passes the water through the
leaves. Coniferous tree--type
of tree that like colder environments. The tree has
narrow hard leaves. These narrow hard leaves are
called needles or scales. Most conifers are
evergreen and produce cones. Tropical tree--growth
is determined by rain. The Palm is classified as a
tropical tree. Most leaves have pointed tips. These
tips toss off the water. A tree will start to
grow from a single seed. Compound leaves--leaf
that has more than one blade. Simple leaves--has only
one blade. Trees grow two ways:
from the twig and the cambium. Sequoias and the
California Redwoods are the tallest
trees. Trees are the largest
plant. A tree grows itself
from the outside out and in the process adds
rings. Annual rings of a tree
may be counted to determine the tree's
age. Each leaf brings food
to the tree such as energy from the sun and create
carbohydrates from water and carbon dioxide in the
air. Trees produce
oxygen. Trees grow very very
slowly. The blade or lamina is
the broad flat part of the leaf. Leaves have two main
parts, the blade and the petiole or
leafstalk. Some leaves have a
third part called the stipules. Petiole is the stemlike
part of the leaf. Stipules are two small
flaps at the base of the leaf. Transpiration happens
when the sun warms the water inside the blade. This
process helps cool the inside of the leaf.
A leaf is green because
it has pigment called chlorophyll.
Wood Art Designs from Arbor Lodge State Park
Tree Types at Arbor Lodge A slender
tree or shrub. The tree can grow up to 50 to 80
feet high. It has a thin bark which peels in
horizontal layers.
Cottonwoods
grow quickly and give wonderful shade. The light
brown or whitish wood is soft and weak. It's native
to Nebraska. Many cottonwoods are used for
windbreaks. The Redwood
is known as the tallest living plant in the world.
This tree is in the large tree family. The tree's
bark can be from six to twelve inches thick! These
trees grow to be a whopping 250 feet high.
This tree has
dark red bark and can grow in any soil--great cold
tolerance and ususally can be found along streams
and wet meadows. Native tree of
Nebraska. Elms are
large, beautiful trees valued for it's lumber and
shade. Most elms live more than 150 years. The wood
is tough and very hard. It's usually light brown in
color. Maple trees
are full in color. They vary from oranges, reds,
browns and every color in between. The United
States has 13 native maples, at least one species
native to every state except Hawaii. They are also
used for making maple syrup. There are
450-500 species of the oak. All oaks have acorn for
fruit. They can be separated into five groups:
White, Chestnut, Red, Willow and Live
Oaks. Wood was used
by Indians to make bows. The leaves vary in size on
the same branch. Bark is orange-brown. Osage orange
is usually the oldest and biggest trees in the
park. The pines are
a very diverse family of trees. They are a conifer.
There are at least 28 different types of pines.
They are found in both the eastern and western
United States. The willow
forms the largest group of tree native to North
America,with at least 90 species and 50 hybrids.
There are 300-400 species around the
world.
Arbor Lodge State Park Tree Facts: 1. Oldest tree--Osage Orange planted in 1855 2. Tallest tree--White Pine 150' tall 3. Rarest tree--American Chestnut 4. Shortest tree--Alberta Spruce 30" tall 5. Most valuable tree--Black Walnut--planted in 1867 6. Most common tree at the park--Cottonwood (native to Nebraska) 7. Native Nebraska Trees--Cottonwood, River Birch, Willow, Burr Oak, Elm 8. Five State Champions-- Paper Birch (Betula papyrifera) -- Circumference (4'5") Height (48') Crown Spread (33') American Chestnut (Castanea dentata) -- Circumference (12'4") Height (80') Crown Spread (60') Douglas Fir (Pseudotsugo menziesii) -- Circumference (9'6") Height (65') Crown Spread (46') Japanese Pagoda Tree (Sophora japonica) -- Circumference (9'10") Height (79') Crown Spread (39') Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) -- Circumference (5'4") Height (74') Crown Spread (31') 9. Special type of fruit trees--Stayman Winesaps 10. Widest tree--Black Walnut (16' in width) 11. Thinnest Tree--Young Stayman Winesap Apple--1" Caliper 12. Thousands of trees have been planted at Arbor Lodge Park(in excess of 10,000 White Pines planted in 1892) 13. 270 different species of trees and shurbs 14. Special type of fruit tree--Stayman Winesap 15. Bird's eye maple is a specific type of wood grain 16. Trees that have unusual seeds or flowers--seeds (Oriental Catalpa--Kentucky Coffeebead--Honey Locust) flower--(Dogwoods--Magnolia--Apple Blossoms) Here is a list of tree uses or products. Yes, even toothpaste is made from trees. You can look through the list and see if you can think of any other uses or things made of trees.
For Nebraska City Would you ever think that there would be laws for trees? Well there are laws for trees. Some laws protect trees from being cut down. Others list special times when trees can be cut down or branches can be trimmed. What happens to a dead or diseased tree you may ask? Well, Nebraska City has a right to cause the removal of any dead or diseased tree. I don't think you will believe me but there are laws in our city for the removal of stumps! This law states that the stump must be removed below the surface of the ground. Why don't you check out your local laws on trees?
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