The Brigantine usually had only two masts with two sails rigged to each mast.

The Frigate had three masts, a raised forecastle, and a
quarterdeck .  This ship carried anywhere from 24 - 38 guns.

The Caravel was usually used by the Spanish and
Portugese as a trading ship. They were about 80
feet long.

Schooners had a narrow hull and two masts.  Its two main sails were large and smaller sails were placed at the bow and stern.  This ship had a large bowsprit.

The Carrack usually had three masts sticking up from the deck.  It’s sails were square.