Judicial Branch - Crime Time

Since it's beginning, the Supreme Court has ruled over a number of cases. It's decisions have impacted many areas of our lives. The following are examples of some of these famous cases.

1. The Marbury v. Madison	1803	Judicial Review vs Executive Power. Established the power of judicial review.
2. Gibbons v. Ogden	1824	Interstate Commerce. The Steamboat case allowed an interpretation of the Constitutions statements on regulating commerce.
3. The Dred Scott v Sandford	1856	Slavery issue Black slaves were not and could not be citizens. The Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution changed this by extending citizenship to former slaves
4. Plessy v Ferguson	1896	Separate but Equal The Separate but Equal doctrine was established
5. Dorr v United States	1914	Jury Trial Trial by jury is not a constitutional necessity
6. Weeks v United States	1914	Search and Seizure Evidence seized in violation of the Constitution cannot be admitted during a trial.
7. Cantwell v Connecticut	1940	Religious Liberty States cannot pick and choose among religions
8. Dennis v. United States	1951	Overthrow of Government The right to free speech can be lifted if it presents a danger to overthrow any governments in the US
9. Brown v Board of Education of Topeka	1954	School Segregation Separate education facilities are inherently unequal
10. Engel v Vitale	1962	School Prayer case No Government can establish an official prayer to be used in school.
11. Gideon v. Wainwright	1963	Right to Council Every poor defendant in state criminal trial has a right to a lawyer.
12. New York Times v Sullivan	1964	Freedom of Speech Protected the right of the press and public to criticize public officials
13. Miranda v. Arizona	1966	Self incrimination Police must read rights before questioning suspects
14. Katz v. United States	1967	Privacy Protects people from wiretaps and other listening devices
15. Green v County School Board of New Kent County, Va	1968	Desegregation Took important steps to a non-racial system of public education
16. Oregon v Mitchell	1970	Right to vote Led to 26th Amendment giving 18 year old the right to vote
17. P.A.R.C. v Commonwealth of Pennsylvania	1971	Education for the Handicapped Mentally challenged individuals have a right to benefit from education and training
18. Furman v. Georgia	1972	Death Penalty Questioned the use of the death penalty in certain cases
19. Payton v. New York	1980	Search and Privacy Police need warrants to enter homes
20. Hazelwood School District v Kuhlmeier	1988	Censorship Decision gave power to schools to censor certain activities