Incan social structure was very defined. At the top were the Sapa Inca, who was the Incan ruler, and the Coyas, his wives who had absolute power. The regional army commanders, known as the Four Apus, came after the High Priest and the Army Commander in Chief. Army generals, architects, temple priests, and administers were next in line. The quipucamayoc who were the Incan accountants were next along with the artisans army captains, and musicians. At the bottom of the social structure were the farmers, conscripts, sorcerers, and herding families.
This is a picture of some Incan ruins.

        Specific places to work were assigned to the different Incans for example some were assigned to the maize (corn) fields. If you were an Incan farmer 2/3 of your crops would be given to the tax system and you would keep the rest. Some goods would be traded with other Incans, the rest were either sacrificed to the gods or put in government storehouses. The Incans had a wide variety of crops, 240 kinds of potatoes and over 20 species of corn.
        The very old and the very young were the only people that didn't work. Scarring animals away from the crops and helping in the home was the job of the children. There is also a theory that everyone helped everyone else in everything.

        The Incans had a very well organized postal system that greatly helped communication in the empire. They also built strong suspension bridges to cross deep river gorges.

        The leaves of coca were chewed to help fight off hunger, thirst, and pain. Orchids were grown for medicine.

        The Incas spoke a language called Quechua. Several other Indian languages were spoken throughout the empire. since the Incas had no written language they communicated only by speech.

       Religion was very important to the Incas in both their public and private lives. The people believed that Viracocha their most important god created nature. Inti, the sun god, was worshipped mostly by the royal family. The earth and the sea were some important goddesses. The Incas believed that through divination the will of the gods could be learned. Divination is an attempt to gain knowledge of the unknown through magic signs.

        
This is a picture of a procession past the body of a dead ruler.
The person in the chair that is being carried is the emperor.

        Many things and places were considered sacred or huaca by the Incas. mummies of the dead and anything associated with them along with holy and historical places, temples, stones, springs, and mountain peaks were all regarded as sacred. One or more small statues of things that were huaca to the family were located in every Incan household.
        No matter how small, the Incans always used divination to make their decisions. Whether it was a good day to plant crops or go to war was also determined by divination. Divination methods were as follows: the studying of, animal organs, the movement of animals, and the flames of a fire.
        Many religious ceremonies were held by the Incas. Feasts, dancing, songs, games, and parades took place at these ceremonies. State occasions and important calendar events were marked with religious ceremonies.
        A main part of the Incan religious ceremonies were sacrifices and offerings accompanied by prayers. Animals, mainly lamas, were sacrificed along with crops to keep the will of the gods. Only under special circumstances were human offerings made but it was considered an honor to be chosen for sacrifice by most people.
        A central role in Incan society was played by the priests.
        In curing ceremonies, herbs, and other plants were used as medicines by  the priests. Trephining which is a type of operation was performed by surgeons. This operation involved cutting away a section of the skull. This was believed to release evil spirits or ease pressure on the brain.
        Funerals were considered huaca by the Incas. They believed that after death a person lived either in heaven or in hell. Important people were buried in stone chambers located above ground. Pits, caves, and other types of graves were used to bury others.

        The Incas wore colorful ponchos and other elaborate textiles.