Tombs for Ancient Egyptians
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I have gone back in time to the Ancient Egyptian civilization. Someone has died with no money. The Ancient Egyptians always buried their dead, but since this person has died with no money, they will be buried under a pile of rocks. If someone rich died, they would be buried in burial chambers, different types of pyramids, or in a valley. The Egyptian’s wealth and money decided which tomb they would go in.

Pile of Rocks

In the earliest times, the Egyptians were buried under a pile of rocks if they were poor. Embalmers were people who buried these bodies. First, the embalmers had to dig a large hole in the ground. Then they put you in a crouching position in the hole and put rocks over you. They held a ceremony, and then they left. The sand was so hot that it dried out the corpse. After about a decade the corpse would turn as hard as stone into a fossil.

As the years passed, the burials became more complex for the poor. The embalmers wrapped you in stretchy cloth. The corpse was still in a crouching position, but they were buried in a pit or cave instead of just a hole. Since the bodies were not buried directly under the sand, they became exposed to three major things: air, dampness, and deadly bacteria. When the body became exposed to them, the body would decay.

Mastaba Tomb

Image of Ancient Egyptian relief from Microsoft Publisher 98 clipart.

Around 3000 BC, the Egyptians built tombs called mastabas. Mastabas were built for rich people. A mastaba was flat stone made of sunbaked mud bricks. These bricks gave protection to the mummy inside from the harmful effects of nature. Inside were painted scenes called reliefs. These scenes were of the Afterlife. Also inside a mastaba is a very long, narrow shaft in an L-shape. The mummy was put at the bottom of it at night. The Egyptians made it a very long, narrow shaft so that robbers could not steal the mummy and its treasures. Outside of a mastaba tomb is a picture of the deceased (the person buried in the tomb) carved and painted on it.

Six Step Pyramid

After many changes the mastaba became a six step pyramid. The Egyptians thought that this was a more proper tomb for a king or someone rich. A six step pyramid was a very large structure on a square base. It had "six steps" that led to the top of it.

Image of Giza Pyramids at http://www.argonet.co.uk/users/harts/egypt/7_tomb.htm from Mike Owen, harts@argonet.co.uk, March 2000. Email message.

Pyramid

The six step pyramid became a true pyramid after many changes in 2500 BC because it was a better construction for protecting the dead inside. A true pyramid was a gigantic structure made of a square base with four triangular sides. The pyramid and a six step pyramid are different things. The six step pyramid has six steps leading to the top of it and the pyramid has four flat, triangular sides without steps. The six step pyramid was built in 2700 BC and the pyramid was built in 2500 BC. The six step pyramid is also smaller than the pyramid.

Valley of the Kings

In 1500 BC the Egyptians made a tomb called the Valley of the Kings. The Valley of the Kings was located in Thebes, the capital city of Egypt during the old kingdom. When the Egyptians built this tomb, they cut it deep into limestone rock in a remote wadi (a dried-up valley) on the west side of the Nile River so that robbers could not steal the treasures inside of it. The treasures were furniture, boats, statues, and jewels. These precious objects filled the chambers of kings’ mummies. The most famous tomb is the one that King Tutankhamun lies in. It was found on November 22, 1922, by a British archaeologist named Howard Carter.

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Ancient Egypt's Deepest Secrets Revealed
Bartlett Elementary School 2000