ThinkQuest
Citations and References

 

Permissions

1. Link at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393 to http://www.DisasterRelief.org, Cynthia Long, longcy@usa.redcross.org, February 2000. Email message.

2. Link at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393 to http://neic.usgs.gov, Madeleine Zirbes, zirbes@ghtmail.cr.usgs.gov, February 2000. Email message.

3. Link at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393 to www.seismo.unr.edu/, John Louie, louie@seismo.unr.edu, February 2000. Email message.

4. Link at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393 to www.charityfrogs.org/, Tony Hsieh, tony@vfrogs.com, February 2000. Email message.

5. Link at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393 to http://www.fema.gov/, Marc Wolfson, Marc.Wolfson@fema.gov, February 2000. Email message.

6. Link at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393 to http://www.fema.gov/kids/, Holly Harrington, Holly.Harrington@fema.gov, February 2000. Email message.

7. Link at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393 to http://volcano.und.nodak.edu/, Deidre A. Vincevineus, vincevin@aero.und.edu, February 2000. Email message.

8. Image of a'a lava at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/volcanoes/lava.htm from USGS Website http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/Products/Pglossary/aa.html, Webmaster, hvowebmaster@hvo.wt.usgs.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

9. Image of pahoehoe lava at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/volcanoes/lava.htm from USGS Website http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/Products/Pglossary/pahoehoe.html, Webmaster, hvowebmaster@hvo.wt.usgs.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

10. Image of pele's tears at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/volcanoes/volcanicproducts.htm from USGS Website http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/Products/Pglossary/PeleTears.html, Webmaster, hvowebmaster@hvo.wt.usgs.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

11. Image of pele's hair at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/volcanoes/volcanicproducts from USGS Website http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/Products/Pglossary/PeleHair.html, Webmaster, hvowebmaster@hvo.wt.usgs.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

12. Image of back fire button located through out http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/volcanoes from http://www.animfactory.com/

13. Image of dike at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/volcanoes/lava.htm from USGS Website http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/Products/Pglossary/dike.html, Webmaster, hvowebmaster@hvo.wt.usgs.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

14.I mage of strambolian eruption at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/volcanoes/lava.htm from USGS Website http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/Products/Pglossary/strambolian.html, Webmaster, hvowebmaster@hvo.wt.usgs.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

15. Image of Pu'u O'o vent erupiting at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/volcanoes/finalq.htm from http://www.fema.gov/cgi-shl/kids/picture.cfm?picture=puuoo3.gif&id=84

16. Image of a painting of an ocean waterspout at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/tornadoes/pictures.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/historic/nws/wea00301, Webmaster, webmaster@ncdc.noaa.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

17. Image of a waterspout at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/tornadoes/pictures.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/historic/nws/wea00308, Webmaster, webmaster@ncdc.noaa.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

18. Image of a painting/drawing of a waterspout at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/\tornadoes/pictures.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/historic/nws/wea00302, Webmaster, webmaster@ncdc.noaa.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

19. Image of multiple waterspouts at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/tornadoes/pictures.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/historic/nws/wea00315, Webmaster, webmaster@ncdc.noaa.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

20. Image of multiple waterspouts at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/ tornadoes/pictures.htm and tornadoes/1a_waterspout.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/historic/nws/wea00307, Webmaster, webmaster@ncdc.noaa.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

21. Image of tornado damage at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/tornadoes/pictures.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/historic/nws/wea00577,Webmaster, webmaster@ncdc.noaa.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

22. Image of a plane wreck at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/tornadoes/pictures.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/historic/nws/wea00224, Webmaster, webmaster@ncdc.noaa.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

23. Image of tornado damage at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/tornadoes/pictures.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/historic/nws/wea00229, Webmaster, webmaster@ncdc.noaa.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

24. Image of a tornado at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/ tornadoes/pictures.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/nssl/slide8.3.html, Webmaster, webmaster@ncdc.noaa.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

25. Image of a tornado at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/tornadoes/pictures.htm from Tornadoes! Website http://www.txdirect.net/~mslatter/tornado.htm, M. Slatter, mslatter@earthling.net, March 2000. Email message

26. Image of vulcanian eruption at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/volcanoes/lava.htm and volcanoes/history/paricutin.htm from USGS Website http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/Products/Pglossary/vulcanian.html, Webmaster, hvowebmaster@hvo.wt.usgs.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

27. Image of vesuvian eruption at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/volcanoes/lava.htm from USGS Website http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/Products/Pglossary/vesuvian.html, Webmaster, hvowebmaster@hvo.wt.usgs.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

28. Image of reticulite at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/volcanoes/volcanicproducts.htm from USGS Website http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/Products/Pglossary/reticulite.html, Webmaster, hvowebmaster@hvo.wt.usgs.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

29. Image of eruption at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/volcanoes/3.htm from USGS Website http://wwwhvo.usgs.gov/, Webmaster, hvowebmaster@hvo.wt.usgs.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

30. Image of magma at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/volcanoes/causes.htm from USGS Website http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/Products/Pglossary/magma.html, Webmaster, hvowebmaster@hvo.wt.usgs.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

31. Image of tornado alley at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/ tornadoes/3.htm from Tornadoes! Website http://www.txdirect.net/~mslatter/tornado.htm, M. Slatter, mslatter@earthling.net, March 2000. Email message

32. Link at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393 to http://quake.wr.usgs.gov,Susan Garcia, garcia@andreas.wr.usgs.gov, March 2000. Email message.

33. Image of 1906 Fire at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/earthquakes/2movie_playa.htm from USGS Website http://quake.wr.usgs.gov/more/1906/eyewitness.html, Webmaster, hvowebmaster@hvo.wt.usgs.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

34. Image of seismograph at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/earthquakes/prepared.htm from USGS Website http://wwwhvo.usgs.gov/earthquakes/, Webmaster, hvowebmaster@hvo.wt.usgs.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

35. Link at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/ to http://iwin.nws.noaa.gov/iwin/us/tornado.html, Mike Kay, kay@spc.noaa.gov, March 2000. Email message.

36. Link at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/ to http://www.spc.noaa.gov/climo/reports/000316_rpts.html, Daniel McCarthy, Daniel.Mccarthy@noaa.gov, Email Message

37. Image of rescue crew at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/floods/5.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/historic/nws/wea00706.htm, Webmaster, webmaster@ncdc.noaa.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

38. Image of railway at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/floods/quiz/quiz8.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/historic/nws/wea00729.htm, Webmaster, webmaster@ncdc.noaa.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

39. from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/historic/nws/wea00752.htm, Webmaster, webmaster@ncdc.noaa.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

40. Image of heap of cars at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/floods/flooddamage.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/historic/nws/wea00703.htm, Webmaster, webmaster@ncdc.noaa.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

41. Image of twisted remains at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/floods/flooddamage.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/historic/nws/wea00704.htm, Webmaster, webmaster@ncdc.noaa.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

42. Image of trailer,vehicle,utility pole at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/floods/flooddamage.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/historic/nws/wea00705.htm, Webmaster, webmaster@ncdc.noaa.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

43. Image of farm flooding at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/floods/flooddamage.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/historic/nws/wea00715.htm, Webmaster, webmaster@ncdc.noaa.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

44. Image of flood at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/floods/floodsigns.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/historic/nws/wea00700.htm, Webmaster, webmaster@ncdc.noaa.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

45. Image of Pu'u O'o vent eruptiing at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/volcanoes/leaving.htm from http://www.fema.gov/cgi-shl/kids/picture.cfm?picture=puuoo4.gif&id=84

46. Image of flooded street at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/floods/flooddamage.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/historic/nws/wea00713.htm, Webmaster, webmaster@ncdc.noaa.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

47. Image of helicopter at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/ floods/flooddamage.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/historic/nws/wea00711.htm, Webmaster, webmaster@ncdc.noaa.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

48. Image of field at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/floods/quiz/quiz19.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/historic/nws/wea00926.htm, Webmaster, webmaster@ncdc.noaa.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

49. Image of livestock at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/ floods/quiz/7.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/historic/c&gs/theb1442.htm, Webmaster, webmaster@ncdc.noaa.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

50. Map of ring of fire at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/volcanoes/ringoffire.html and /earthquakes/movie_play_b.htm from FEMA Website http://www.fema.gov/kids/images/ring_fire.gif, courtesy of USGS. Public Domain

51. Image of the San Andreas fault at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/earthquakes/movie_play_b.htm from USGS Website http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/earthq3/what.html, Webmaster, hvowebmaster@hvo.wt.usgs.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

52. Image of earth plates at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/earthquakes/2movie_playa.htm from USGS Website http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/earthq3/index.html, Webmaster, hvowebmaster@hvo.wt.usgs.gov, March 2000. Public Domain

53. Image of tornado at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/tornadoes/tornado_formation.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/nssl/slide30.html

54. Image of tornado at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/tornadoes/tornado_formation.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/nssl/slide31.html

55. Image of tornado at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/tornadoes/tornado_formation.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/nssl/slide32.html

56. Image of tornado at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/tornadoes/tornado_formation.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/nssl/slide33.html

57. Image of tornado at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/tornadoes/tornado_formation.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/nssl/slide34.html

58. Image of tornado at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/tornadoes/tornado_formation.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/nssl/slide35.html

59. Image of tornado at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/tornadoes/tornado_formation.htm from NOAA Website http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/nssl/slide36.html

60. Image of sandbags at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/floods/mr.lee.htm from http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/historic/nws/wea00709.htm

61. Image of speed limit sign at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/floods/mr.lee.htm from http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/historic/nws/wea00702.htm

62. Image of a bridge collapsing http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/earthquakes/a_expert_interview.htm from http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/dds/dds29/web_pages/bay_bridge.html

63.Image of rain at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/index.html from http://www.animfactory.com/html/66810_lw.html, Freeware

64.Image of tornado at http://library.thinkquest.org/J001393/index.htm from http://www.animfactory.com/, Freeware

 

References

Electronic Sources
Text or Multimedia from Web Pages, FTP sites, Telnet

1. Nasa's Observatorium, "Plate Tectonics." http://observe.ivv.nasa.gov/nasa/earth/tectonics/Tectonics1.html (1995-1999)

2. Compton's Encyclopedia Online v3.0, "Shield Volcanoes." http://www.comptons.com/ce009-cgi/article?'fastweb?getdoc+viewcomptons+A+7825+0++volcanoes (1998)

3. Compton's Encyclopedia Online v3.0, "Stratovolcanoes." http://www.comptons.com/ce009-cgi/article?'fastweb?getdoc+viewcomptons+A+7825+0++volcanoes (1998)

4. Compton's Encyclopedia Online v3.0, "Cinder Cones." http://www.comptons.com/ce009-cgi/article?'fastweb?getdoc+viewcomptons+A+7825+0++volcanoes (1998)

5. Compton's Encyclopedia Online v3.0, "Types of Magma." http://www.comptons.com/ce009-cgi/article?'fastweb?getdoc+viewcomptons+A+7825+0++volcanoes (1998)

6. USGS National Earthquake Information Center, "Glossary of Some Common Terms in Seismology." http:wwwneic.cr.usgs.gov/neis/general/handouts/glossary.html (1997)

7. FEMA, "Disaster Preparedness." http://www.fema.gov/pte/prep.htm (1998)

8. Lifelink, "Planning Guidelines." www.lifelink.com/famplan.htm (1991)

9. Red Cross, "Red Cross." www.redcross.orgdisaster/safety/floods.htm (2000)

10. Compton's Encyclopedia Online v3.0, "Some of the World's Worst Floods." http://comptonsv3.web.aol.com/ceo99-cgi/article?fastweb?getdoc+viewcomptonstat3001+14++FLOODS' (1998)

11. NOVA, "Flood!" http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/flood/ (1997)

12. Louie, J., "What is Richter Magnitude: Short Answer." http://www.seismo.unr.edu/ftp/pub/louie/class/100/magnitude.html (1996)

13. Swanson, Erick. "Charles Richter." http://inventorsmuseum.com/richter.htm (1999)

14. Snow, Albert. "Storm." http://www.comptons.com (1998)

15. Tornado Project. "The Fujita Scale." http://www.tornadoproject.com (1999)

16. Tornado Project. "The Tornado Project's Terrific, Timeless, and Sometimes Trivial Truths About Those Terrifying Twirling Twisters!" http://www.tornadoproject.com (1999)

17. NOAA. "Photo Library." http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/lb_images/nssl/slide/30.html (also 31-36.html) (1999)

18. Exploratorium. "Highway Seismograph" http://www.exploritorium.edu/faultline/activities/seismometer_activities.html (1999)

19. Exploratorium. "Seismic Slinky" http://www.exploratorium.edu/faultline/activities/seismometer_activity.html (1999)

 

Electronic Sources
Publications on CD-ROM, Diskette, or Magnetic Tapes

1. "Volcano," Microsoft (R) Encarta. Copyright (c) 1993 Microsoft Corporation. Copyright (c) 1993 Funk & Wagnall's Corporation

2. "Plate Tectonics," Microsoft (R) Encarta. Copyright (c) 1993 Microsoft Corporation. Copyright (c) 1993 Funk & Wagnall's Corporation

 

Printed Materials
Periodicals

1.Garrett, Wilbur E. "When the Earth Moves." National Geographic vol.169 no.5, May 1986, pp. 638

2. Boraiko, Allen A. "Earthquake in Mexico." National Geographic vol.169 no.5, May 1986, pp.654

3. Davidson, Keay and Williams, A.R. "Center of the Earth." National Geographic vol. 189 no.1, January 1996, pp101-103.

4. Gore, Rick. "Living with California's Faults." National Geographic vol. 187 no. 4, April 1995, Double Map Supplement: Earthquakes.

 

Printed Materials
Part of a book

1. Vonnegut, Bernard. Encyclopedia American.Connecticut: Grolier, Inc., 1993, p. 856

 

Printed Materials
Entire book

1. Knight, Lindsay. Volcanoes and Earthquakes. Virginia: Time Life Books, 1995

2. Van Rose, Susanna. Volcano and Earthquake. New York: Random House, Inc, 1992

3. Pringle, Laurence. Volcanoes, Earthquakes, and Powerful Storms. Washington: Western Publishing Co, Inc, 1992

4. Decker, Robert and Barbara. Volcanoes Revised and Updated Edition. New York: W.H. Freeman and Company, 1989

 

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