This process of mummification usually took about 70 days. Special priests
would embalm, wrap, and prepare the bodies for the ceremonies. The first
steps of the process were to remove the internal organs. First they
would remove the brain by sticking two hook- like instruments up through
the nose and pull the brain out. This was a dangerous procedure that could
easily damage the face. They removed the other organs by making a slit
in the left side of the abdomen.
The only organ that they left inside was the heart,
for they believed that the heart was the center of the person's being and
intelligence. The rest of the organs were preserved in jars that are today
called Canopic Jars. These Jars were buried with
the mummies. Later mummies had their organs wrapped with the linens and
placed back in the body. The empty Jars were still buried with the mummies.
Next, the embalmers dried out the bodies with natron.
Natron is a type of salt which has great drying ability. They also included
it in the sarcophagus. After they rinsed the body of the natron the end
result was a very dried out but recognizable human being. In sunken parts
of the bodies they put pieces of linen. They also put fake eyeballs in
the head.
The next thing they would do is to wrap the body. They would have to use hundreds of yards of linen. They would wrap the body many times and sometimes they would even wrap each little baby toe and finger before wrapping the whole hand or foot. To protect the dead, amulets were placed along the inside of the sarcophagus, prayers were said, and magical words were written on some of the linen strips. Sometimes they would put masks on the bodies in between the layers of wrapping. They would also put resin on the bodies and then continue wrapping. After the final cloth was wrapped around the body, the mummy was done.
Then, after the tomb was finished and the mummy was prepared, the ceremonies
began.
The most important part of this ceremony is the opening of the mouth.
A priest would use an instrument and touch different parts of the body
to "open" them to the joys of the previous life and the joys of the afterlife.