The Telephone
The telephone is pretty easy to understand. The way it works hasn't changed in nearly a century. The telephone has three main parts.
- a HOOK SWITCH connects and disconnects your telephone from the phone company. It switches on the dial tone to tell you that you are able to call out now.
- a SPEAKER lets you hear what the person on the other line is saying.
- the MICROPHONE you speak into lets the person you are talking to able to hear what you are telling them.

There is also a wire called a DUPLEX COIL that many people have in their phones. This blocks out their own voice before it reaches their own ear. Although the basic telephone is easy to understand, here is what a real phone looks like.

 

As you can see from the diagram, the modern day telephone isn't as complicated as you may have thought.

For more information visit the following sites:

www.howstuffworks.com/telephone.htm

The Telephone and Telegraph

A newer telephone,
Here's an older telephone,
And finally, a modern telephone