Balance and surveillance
| Control the consciousness | Free air trafics | Control the breath | Control the pools crotidien |
| Compleate the balance | Assure the surveillance | Control the vital functions of the infant |
| When?
In the presence of an inanimate victim. |
|
| How?
Squat at the level of the pond of
the victim. Put hands in those of the victim. Ask a simple question (what arrives
at you?) give simple orders (please , open eyes, please , squeeze(tighten) me hands).
If the victim does not answer and does not obey, she(it) is unconscious. |
Why?
To estimate the consciousness of the
victim. To verify if the victim is capable
of squeezing(tightening) hands.
To stimulate the victim. |
| When?
Having verified the consciousness |
|
| How? Loosen tie, collar and so necessary belt. Kneel down at the level of the head. Put the hand of the side head with
flat(dish) on the forehead(front) of the victim. Put the Accueil and the major of the
hand side of feet under the bone of the chin.
Tip over carefully the head towards the back with the hand on the forehead(front) while lifting(raising) the chin with the Accueil and the major.
|
Why?
To free(release) the passage of the
air(sight) towards the lungs of the victim. To facilitate the breath. To reach the superior air traffics
of the victim.
At the unconscious victim, the loss of muscular tonus can bring down the language in the heart of the throat(breast). The seesaw of the head behind allows to make go back up(raise) the language and to fit out so a space in the heart of the throat(breast) allowing the passage of the air(sight). The rise of the chin allows of to direct the épiglotte of the victim in a position favorable to the passage of the air(sight) towards lungs. |
| When?
Having freed(released) air traffics |
|
| How?
Remain knelt down at the level of
the head. The rescuer bends over the victim by
placing ear and plays near mouth and near the nose of the victim, while looking in the
direction of the feet of the victim.
He listens, observes and feels(smells) on the cheek the ventilatoires movements during at least 5-6 seconds |
Why?
The rescuer tries to
hear(understand) the breath and the rumours(noises) (whistlings, gurglings) of the breath,
while feeling(smelling) the air(sight) on the cheek and by observing the movements of the
chest and the belly.
To be certain of the presence or the absence of breath. |
| When?
Having controlled the breath
|
 |
| How? Remain knelt down at the level of the head of
the victim. Having controlled the ventilation,
having kept the head of the victim tipped over behind with always the Accueil and the
major under the chin. The rescuer brings at the level of
the neck of the victim the hand which it had on the forehead(front) during the control of
the breath. It(he) places three fingers on the
median line of the neck, returns them towards one until feel(smell) the hollow of the
muscles of the neck, finally it(he) rests slowly in 45 ° downward.
It(he) controls the hanging pouls carotidien 5 in 6 seconds.
|
Why?
The pouls is controlled in on the
carotid artery of the victim which is on the neck and goes to the brain.
The control of the pouls should decompose into 3 movements so as to compress(restrain) well the carotid between the pulp of fingers and the hard plan formed by cervical vertebras. In case of error of appreciation by the rescuer, the future of the victim is damaged. The technique should be so completed |
| When?
Having estimated the three vital functions(offices): consciousness, breath, traffic. Having remedied the vital distresses. |
|
| How? Ask questions: circumstances of arisen the
problem, the diseases and treatments of the victim... Look for wounds, traumatism,
location(localization) of the pains...
Cover the victim by means of a garment or of a coverage.
|
Why?
The meditative information allows
better to inform the help during the alert, or in their arrival.
To avoid that the victim cools. |
| When?
Having realized the necessary emergency gestures and having alerted(notified) the help. |
|
| How?
Speak to the victim (even if she(it)
is unconscious), reassure her(it). Count the number of respiratory
cycles of the victim during one minute. Normally, one has in the rest:
Count the pouls of the victim during
one minute. Normally, in the rest:
Look for the other signs of vital distress: paleness, sweat, bluish colour or cyanosis of lips... |
Why?
The dialogue with the victim allows
to watch its consciousness, of more the victim of an accident needs comfort. In certain
cases, the unconscious victims are capable of perceiving(collecting) what is said to them,
and this stimulation can help them to resume consciousness. To count the ventilation and the
pouls allows to discover abnormalities (too fast, too slow, irregular, weak) which are
signs of gravity of the situation and should be indicated to the arrival of the help.
Furthermore, the ventilation and the pouls can stop(arrest). It is necessary to realize then at once the necessary emergency gestures. |
Control the vital functions of the infant
| When?
In the presence of a child of less than 12 months |
|
| How?
Put down(deposit) the infant at the
level of the rescuer, for example on a chair. Consciousness
Put a finger in the hand of the
infant, knock in hands, speak hardly to stimulate him(it). Breath
Seize the head of the infant of a
hand by placing the thumb on one side of the head and the other fingers of the other one.
Tip over légèrement; and slowly the head behind. Bend over the head by looking in the
direction of feet (as for the adult), to perceive(collect) the breath of the infant. Pouls
Always while maintaining the head behind, to place three fingers on the internal face of the arm of the infant, and to rest(support) slightly the pulp of fingers. |
Why?
The infant squeezes(tightens)
spontaneously a finger placed in the hand. The careful seesaw of the head
behind allows to free(release) air traffics.
At the infant, the neck is too small to allow to control the pouls carotidien. In the place le pouls is controlled on the internal face of the arm. |
04/09/01