Poisons are substances that if inhaled, ingested, absorbed or injected, harm the structures or functions of the body. Some types of

         poisons may act immediately on the body, others may act more slowly. Some poisons, such as cyanide, are so toxic they only

         require a minute amount to be harmful, while others, such as garden sprays, are cumulative and require exposure over a long period

         to achieve the same level of toxicity. Some may be carcinogenic, and cause fatal cancers some years after exposure.

         Whatever the substance, remember that PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE!

             always ensure that poisonous substances are kept only if really necessary

             pills and medications should always be locked away in a childproof cupboard

             Substances are never decanted into attractive containers such as soft drink bottles

             all substances are labelled and understood before use

             prescription medications are used only by the person prescribed them

             all poisons and medications are disposed of correctly.

                      The wide varieties of poisonous substances present with a similarly wide variety of signs and symptoms. The list

                      below is not exhaustive, but casualties may present with all, or at least some, of them.

                      Obtain a history, look for empty bottles, containers, and sometimes suicide notes.

 Always call 190 or 197 or 198 Tunisien organisations of firs aid

                     SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

         May include the following:

1.              pale, cool, clammy skin

2.              rapid, weak (sometimes erratic) pulse

3.              nausea and/or vomiting

4.              cyanosis

5.              headache

6.              burns around the mouth

7.              burning pain in the mouth or throat

8.              blurred vision

9.              ringing in the ears

10.              smell of fumes or odours

11.              stomach pains or cramps

12.              drowsiness, which may lead to unconsciousness

13.              seizures

14.              breathing difficulties

         CARE AND TREATMENT

1.              call an ambulance

2.              in Tunisia- ring POISONS INFORMATION on 197

3.              EAR & CPR as required

4.              monitor the casualty at all times

5.              keep samples of poison, medication or containers

6.              keep samples of vomitus

7.              be careful not to contaminate yourself during contact