Wonds and burns

When?

In front of a small cut, scratch, sting, which bleeds little and taken away from the natural openings.

How?

Wash himself hands.

Clean the wound in the water and in the household soap or the not colored antiseptic advised by a doctor or a pharmacist; dry.

Put a bandage in case the victim to pursue a dirty activity.

Ask the victim if she(it) is inoculated against the tetanus and the made(done) reminder. If the last reminder dates more than 5 years, to consult a doctor.

Why?

Do not to contaminate the wound of the victim.

The household soap is antiseptic has an activity and in particular antirabique. The antiseptic should not be colored to facilitate the surveillance of the wound.

To avoid soiling the wound.

The bacillus tétanique, present in the environment, can get into the body by any wound even small. Only the inoculated persons are protected against this fatal disease in a case on two.

When? Days following the arisen of a simple wound.
How? Watch the wound. In case of appearance of heat, blush or inflation the victim should consult a doctor.	Why? These signs mean that the wound became infected and should be looked by the doctor.

When? In every case of wound which are not simple wounds bleeding importing, bite, vast wound, at the level of the joints(articulations), the hands, due to a tool, a cutting weapon, a missile, presenting irregular edges, near natural openings, to the neck, to the back. In case of hesitance, the wound will be considered as grave.
How? Lengthen(stretch out) the victim, except when she sits better to breathe. Alert(notify) or make alert(notify) the help. Watch the victim by waiting for the arrival of the help.	Why? To avoid the escalation of the state of the victim.

When? In case of grave wound getting(touching) the belly, having verified the consciousness of the victim.
How? Lengthen(stretch out) the victim, the thighs bent in the perpendicular and legs parallel to the body. One can use a chair. In case of éviscération, do not get(touch) and prevent the victim from getting(touching) the visible organs. Hide them from the sight of the victim. Alert(notify) the help, watch.	Why? To tighten the edges of the wound and relax the muscles of the belly, what decreases the pain. To avoid surinfecter the internal organs.

When? In case of grave wound getting(touching) the chest, having verified the consciousness of the victim.
How? Place the victim in position 1/2 sat(based), on itself, the wall... Loosen collar and belt. Alert(notify) the help, watch.	Why? To facilitate the breath of the victim.

When? In case of wound getting(touching) the eye, having verified the consciousness of the victim.
How? Lengthen(stretch out) the victim. Prop up the head, for example in knees behind the victim by placing a hand on each side of the face. Ask to the victim to close both eyes. Alert(notify), watch.	Why? To avoid the exit(release) of the eye liquid, indispensable to its functioning. To avoid with the eyes to move (both eyes move together) and so do not deteriorate(aggravate) the wound.

When? In case of grave wound with a foreign body, having verified the consciousness of the victim.
How? Lengthen(stretch out) the victim. Do not remove the foreign body. Make alert(notify) or alert(notify) the help. Watch.	Why? To remove the foreign body a bleeding would provoke.

When?

In the presence of a blush of a surface limited by the skin,
Or one or several blisters the surface of which is lower in the middle of the palm of the hand of the victim,

3.The hurt should be far from the natural openings.

How?

Cool as soon as possible, with a water from 10 to 15 °C, by making stream the water 10 in 15 cms above.

Continue the cooling during 5 minutes at least.

Make sure that the victim is inoculated against the tetanus and that her vaccine is up to date.

In case the victim is going to pursue a dirty activity, to put him(her) a bandage.

Why?

One wants to avoid the progress of the burn in the flesh and to decrease the pain. It is necessary to make(do) him(it) at once and at the latest 10-15 minutes after the arisen; then it would be of use to nothing. For it one uses some cold water. The jet should not directly reach(affect) the hurt zone because it could ache.

If the inoculation dates more than five years the victim should consult a doctor during the day.

To avoid soiling the burned zone.

When? Days following the arisen of a simple burn
How? In case of appearance of blisters, do not try to drill them. In case of appearance of inflation, heat, pain, to consult a doctor.	Why? It could infect hurt zone. This sign show that the hurt became infected and should be looked.

When?

1-For a vast blush, one or several blisters of superior surface in the middle of the palm of the hand of the victim, a blackish hurt, or at the level of hands, joints(articulations), mouth, nose or another natural opening.

2-Having verified the consciousness of the victim.

How?

Cool him(it,her) as soon as possible by using some water in 10-15 °C, in by making stream in 10-15 cms over the hurt, during at least 5 minutes.

Sit(base) the victim so possible during the cooling.

Remove as soon as possible clothes during the irrigation by leaving those that stick on the skin.

Make alert(notify) or alert(notify).

After cooling, lengthen(stretch out) the victim on the part(party) of its body not burned, on an appropriate(clean) sheet. Not lengthen(stretch out) him(it) in case of respiratory problems.

Watch.

Why?

To avoid the extension of the burn in the flesh of the victim.

To avoid him(her) important efforts.

Because clothes can be soaked with ardent liquid or continue to waste away, what spreads(widens) the burn.

When? In the cases of grave burn.
How? The possible complications of the grave burn are: The infection, The distress ventilatoire, The circulatory distress	Why? Because of the entrance(entry) of germs on all the surface hurt by the skin. In particular when the burn reached(affected) the nose, the mouth or the air traffics. When the burn reaches(affects) vessels or when the victim loses a lot of liquid (plasma).

When?

In the presence of a burn caused by a chemical such as an acid, a soda, a bleach...

Having verified the consciousness of the victim.

How?

Spray as soon as possible. Be careful not to make flow the water of rinsing on a healthy zone downstream to the burn.

Remove clothes soaked with product by beginning with the healthy side and by finishing of the hurt side.

Sit(base) the victim if possible

Make alert(notify) the help.

Continue the irrigation until the arrival of the help.

Why?

To remove and dilute the product which is on the skin.

To get rid of the product soaking clothes without passing on the healthy zones.

To avoid him(her) too many efforts.

When? 1-In the presence of a burn caused by the traffic of electric current in the body (charging), 2-Having verified the consciousness of the victim.
How? Realize the protection by killing(abolishing) the cause of the charging. Put in the rest the victim and alert(notify) the medical aid (EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICE). Watch attentively the victim.	Why? It is a grave burn. The hurt is internal, one does not see what is reached(affected), sometimes safe in the points of entrance(entry) and exit(release) of the current. Risk of stop(ruling) cardio-ventilatoire.

When? 1-In the presence of a burn caused by the ingestion of a very warm liquid or a dangerous product such as cleaning, decalcifying, bleach, concentrated acid, chemical caustic cleaner, fertilizer... 2-Having verified the consciousness of the victim.
How? Do not make vomit. Do not give to drink. Alert(notify) the medical aid (EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICE) by specifying well the name of the ingested product. Follow the orders(deposits) given by telephone and watch the victim by waiting for the arrival of the help.	Why? It would increase the hurts of the oesophagus, the throat(breast), the mouth... It would facilitate the passage of the liquid towards the digestive tract and would increase the volume of dangerous liquid

When? 1-In the presence of a burn of respiratory tracts caused by inhalation of an irritating gas or a warm air(sight), 2-Having verified the consciousness of the victim.
How? Realize the protection by killing(abolishing) the source of warm air(sight) or by means of an emergency release, or still by aerating the premises. Put the victim in the waiting position which is convenient for him(her) best (to try sat(based) 1/2). Make alert(notify) the help and watch the victim (especially the ventilation) by waiting for the help.	Why? To facilitate the breath. The burn by inhalation is very grave and can pull(entail) a ventilatoire distress.

When? 1-In the presence of a person whose clothes are on fire, 2-Having assured(insured) the protection.
How? Prevent the victim from running(roaming). Roll her(it) or make her(it) roll about on the ground, suffocate(suppress) flames with not synthetic clothes or coverage. Pursue the balance and act as a consequence.	Why? To avoid making circulate the air(sight) around flames, what instigates the combustion. To put out(switch off) flames. Do not use synthetic tissues which melt and stick on the skin.

Simple wound	Whatch a simple wound	Act in front a grave wound	Wound in the belly
Wound in the chest	Wound in the eye	Wound with foreign body	Simple burn
Watch a simple burn	Grave burn	Complications of a grave burn	Chemical burn
Electric burn	Burn by ingestion	Burn by inhalation	Victim with clothes in fire