Bleedings
| When?
In the presence of a wound which bleeds, without foreign body inside |
|
| How?
Observe the place which bleeds. Rest(support) with the palm of the
hand. Lengthen(stretch out) the victim. Make alert(notify) the help by a
witness.
Never loosen the local compression |
Why?
It is not necessary to rest(support)
if one sees a foreign body. The compression is enough to
stop(arrest) the drainage of the blood, what avoids the installation of a circulatory
distress. To facilitate the access of the
blood to the brain.
To avoid the resumption of the bleeding |
| When?
1-Having
stopped(arrested) the bleeding by a manual local compression and having
lengthened(stretched out) the victim;
2-In particular when the rescuer is alone. |
|
| How? Realize a plug by means of a plug the size of
which is superior to that of the zone which bleeds, for example with a cloth or an
appropriate(clean) handkerchief. Arm itself with a wide and not
elasticated link such as a tie, a scarf, a sling... Slide gradually the plug in the
place of the hand which presses on the zone which bleeds.
Slide the wide link until place him(it) at the level of the plug. Surround the totality of the zone which bleeds with the link by overflowing(being brimming) on each side. Return the extremities of the link in the middle of the plug and end by two simple knots.
|
Why?
The plug will allow the rescuer to
go to alert(notify) the help in witness's absence then to watch the vital
functions(offices) of the victim. The wide link allows to maintain the
tissue compressed(restrained) on the zone which bleeds. During the replacement of the hand
which rests(supports) by the plug, it is necessary to see to it not to loosen the
compression.
The plug should be maintained firmly and effectively on the place which bleeds. However it is not necessary to squeeze(tighten) excessively not to stop(arrest) the drainage of the blood in the member. |
No
compression in the fold of the groin
| When?
1-For
a bleeding of the lower limb,
2-If the manual compression is impossible (open fracture, foreign body) or ineffective. |
|
| How? Look at the zone which bleeds. Lengthen(stretch out) the victim on
the ground. The rescuer kneels down at the level
of the pond of the victim, the side where is the bleeding. It(he) rests(supports) with the
hand being towards(as for) the head of the victim, the closed fist, the tense arm, in the
middle of the fold of the groin. The rescuer makes alert(notify) the
help by a witness.
Never loosen the compression at distance.
|
Why?
To notice that a simple manual
compression would not be sufficient(self-important). To realize the compression at
distance which will allow to stop(arrest) the bleeding and to avoid the installation of a
circulatory distress. The hand remaining free towards(as
for) the feet of the victim allows the visual surveillance and the access to the zone
which bleeds. The support allows the stop(ruling) of the traffic in the main artery enters
the zone which bleeds and the heart.
To avoid a resumption of the bleeding. |
No compression in the hollow of the salt
cellar
| When?
|
|||||
| How? Look at the zone which bleeds. Lengthen(stretch out) the victim on
the ground. The rescuer kneels down at the level
of the head of the victim, in the axis of the body, the side where is the bleeding. It(he)
pushes the thumb of the hand being towards(as for) the head of the victim, in the hollow
under the collarbone, in the direction of the opposite foot. The other fingers of the hand
take place under the shoulder blade of the victim. The elbow of the arm which
rests(supports) relaying on the ground or on the knees of the rescuer. The rescuer makes alert(notify) the
help by a witness.
Never loosen the compression at distance.
|
Why?
To notice that a simple manual
compression is impossible. To realize the compression at
distance which will allow to stop(arrest) the bleeding and to avoid the installation of a
circulatory distress. The hand remaining free towards(as
for) the hurt member allows the visual surveillance and the access to the zone which
bleeds. The traffic is stopped(arrested) by the compression of the artery under -
clavière between the thumb of the rescuer and the first rib(coast) of the victim. To allow a comfortable and effective
support until the arrival of the help.
To avoid a resumption of the bleeding. |
No
compression on the base of the neck
| When?
In case of bleeding of the neck, when the local compression is impossible or ineffective (mainly in case of section of the carotid artery).
|
|
| How?
Look at the zone which bleeds. Lengthen(stretch out) the victim on
the ground. The elbow of the arm which
rests(supports) relaying on the knees of the rescuer. The rescuer makes alert(notify) the
help by a witness.
Never loosen the compression at distance. |
Why?
To notice that a simple manual
compression is impossible. To realize the compression at
distance which will allow to stop(arrest) the bleeding and to avoid the installation of a
circulatory distress in some seconds. The traffic is stopped(arrested) by
the compression of the primitive carotid artery between the thumb of the rescuer and
cervical vertebras on the side of the larynx of the victim. To allow a comfortable and effective
support until the arrival of the help.
To avoid a resumption of the bleeding. |
| When?
1-Having
stopped(arrested) the bleeding by a compression at distance.
2-The rescuer, isolated, can not make alert(notify) the help by a witness, or the compression at distance is ineffective, or the rescuer is in the presence of several victims, or of several vital distresses on the same victim. |
|
| How?
The wither should be made(done) only
if there is the other option. If the bleeding is in the upper
limb, the withers the armpit should be placed on the arm (above the elbow), between the
bleeding and. If the bleeding is in the lower limb, the wither should be placed on the
thigh, between the bleeding and the groin. Without releasing(leaving) the point
of compression, the rescuer gets itself a wide and not elasticated link (sling, tie,
scarf). It(he) doubles the link with a stalk longer than the other one, and slides him(it)
under the member towards the withers. It(he) clamps the small stalk under
a knee and crosses(spends) the big on the other side inside the member. It(he) squeezes(tightens) the big
stalk in the buckle by making him(it) turn. When it(he) is tight, it(he) releases(leaves)
the point of compression and realizes two knots on the top with both stalks. Note the hour of pose(installation)
(0 at 23 o'clock) on or near the victim. Alert(notify) the help.
Never cover or loosen the withers. |
Why?
Because of the risk of amputation of
the member and the accident of levying withers. The wither should be placed either
on the humerus, or on the thighbone to stop(arrest) the traffic in the member. It is not
possible on the front arm or the leg. Of more the withers should be placed between the
zone which bleeds and the heart.
The tightening of the withers
stops(arrests) the traffic and relieves so the compression at distance, which can be
loosened. For the doctor.
To leave the visible withers and avoid the resumption of the bleeding. Furthermore, in the part(party) of the member where the traffic is settled(fixed), the metabolism provokes the accumulation of waste in great quantities. If the wither is lax, this waste is evacuated in the traffic and reaches(affects) vital organs, what can be mortal. |
Place
in waiting position the victime of a bleeding
| When?
Having stopped(arrested) the bleeding |
|
| How? Watch the zone of the bleeding. If the loss of blood was important,
recover or make raise(find) one or several not wounded legs of the victim, by using a
chair, a box, coverages... The rescuer can also take place in stand at the level of the
legs of the victim and put them on the own thigh. When legs are raised(found), it is never
necessary to lower them then. Look at the tint(coloring) of the
victim. Watch the consciousness. Watch the ventilation and the
traffic.
Do not give to drink.
|
Why?
To verify the stop(ruling) of the
bleeding. To raise(find) one or several legs
allows to make stream some blood towards the brain what avoids the installation of a
circulatory distress. If the loss of blood is little important it is necessary to avoid
making(doing) him(it) because it complicates the relevage and the transport of the victim,
which should owe rest legs heightened up to the hospital. The paleness indicates a circulatory
distress. In case of loss of consciousness, if
the PLS is impossible, it is necessary to assure(insure) the liberation of air traffics. A pouls superior to 130 or lower
than 40 indicate a circulatory distress.
It is impossible to drink in lengthened(stretched out) position, furthermore it is necessary to avoid the presence of liquid in the stomach of the victim to facilitate its medical coverage. |
| When?
When the blood passes by by a natural opening, for example a mouth, ears, anus, vagina, opening urinaire. |
|
| How?
Lengthen(stretch out) the victim so
as to facilitate the drainage of the blood (except nosebleed, see Call a doctor or an EMERGENCY
MEDICAL SERVICE. Watch the victim.
Do not give to drink. |
Why?
For the comfort of the victim and to
facilitate the arrival of the blood towards the brain. To discover an escalation of its
state.
It is impossible to drink in lengthened(stretched out) position, furthermore it is necessary to avoid the presence of liquid in the stomach of the victim to facilitate its medical coverage. |
| When?
In case of spontaneous nosebleed or after a shock. |
|
| How?
Press on the nostril which bleeds
during 10 minutes. The victim should be placed
sat(based), slightly tilted forward. Not lengthen(stretch out) him(it). If the bleeding does not
stop(arrest) after 10 minutes, to call a doctor.
If the bleeding is the result of an important shock, to watch attentively the consciousness and to alert(notify) the EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICE. |
Why?
The support on the nostril which
bleeds allows in most of the cases to stop(arrest) spontaneously the bleeding. It avoids the ebb of blood towards
the air traffics which risks to provoke an inhalation of blood.
The bleeding can be the sign of a cranial traumatism, after which it is necessary to look to the hospital. |
| When?
In case of vomit or of spitting blood, which are the signs of a digestive bleeding or ventilatoire.
|
|
| How? The victim is placed in sat(based) position
or sat(based) 1/2, so as to assure(insure) the best possible comfort. In case of unconsciousness the
victim is placed in PLS. Call the EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICE
and watch the victim.
If possible , keep(preserve) the vomits or the spits to show them to the doctor in his arrival.
|
Why?
To avoid the inhalation of blood. This type of bleeding is extremely
grave. An emergency treatment is necessary and justifies the immediate call(appeal) of the
EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICE.
Help the doctor in his diagnosis. |
04/09/01
