LEADING AND SUPERVISION OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS ON THE WELL

 

The system for leading and supervision of the technological process on the well consists of:

 

-         electro-hydraulic blockade device

-         the control container for placement of the control device, system of UPS and embracement for the cables for the data transfer

-         adjustable nozzles with the electromotive actuator

-         metering pressure converter

-         contact manometers for performing the blockade criteria upon pressure

-         the control programmable device for performing: logical functions of managing the blockade bolts, correction with the adjustable nozzle, signalization and reviewing of the abnormal state, and transmission of the signals (digital and analog) and accepting commands from the gas station.

 

Electro-hydraulic blockade device

 

Electro-hydraulic blockade device is connected by hydraulic leads to the brachial and main surface bolt, and to the depth security valve). It consists of container for hydraulic oil, pumps for maintenance of the pressure in the hydraulic leads, manometers and contact manometers as well as electromagnetic and hydraulic valves, which enable the electric management of pressure of oil in the hydraulic leads and actuators of the surface bolts and actuators of the security valves.

In the case of the electric break down, it is possible to operate manually through the manual pumps and manual valves.

The blockade device is put on to the stand and protected by the canopy from the influence of the atmosphere. The electric installation in the device is made in accordance with the demands for the zone 1 considering the danger of the explosion.

The blockade criteria by which the closing of the blockade bolts and security valve happens are:

-         low pressure on the top of the eruption device (the low pressure of gas in the tubes). When this criteria occurs the brachial bolt is closed first then the main bolt, and at the end the depth security valve.

-         Low or high pressure of the gas in the connecting gas conduit. When this criteria occurs the brachial bolt is closed.

-         command for the closing of the well. It is done by the press on the button in the operational container, on the button places near the entrance door to the well circle, and with the remote control from the gas station itself. When this command is activated first the brachial bolt is closed than the main bolt, and at the end the depth security valve.

-         Command for closing of the brachial bolt. It is performed by pushing the button inside the operating container, and by remote command from the gas station.

 

The remote commands of the gas station are performed by electric cable which connects the control device on the well with the control device on the gas station. The signal transmission is done in the digital mode through modem, and commands for the blockade and closing of the well is done though “firmly” wired loops. All the electric and hydraulic circles are done in the AKZ – “power fail safe” mode, it means that the break of the auxiliary voltage 24 VDC or the end of the pressure in the hydraulic leads has as the consequence the closing of the blockade bolts. In the normal situation all the blockade circles are under voltage , and hydraulic leads are under pressure.

The operating pressure of the blockade device, as far as the past that operates the depth security valve is concerned is 690 bars for the depth security valve and 210 bars for the surface blockade bolts.

 

The hydraulic leads are made of stainless tubes with demounting clips and the operating pressure is 690 bars for the depth security valve and 345 bars for the surface blockade bolts.

 

The control device on the well

 

The control device is situated in the operating container which consists of two rooms.In the smaller room there is the dry accumulator battery and is the place where we can lay aside the tools. In the bigger room there are adapters  and DC/DC converter with the voltage distributor, the closet for the programmable control device and operating workstation with the display on which alarms are shown. The operating is performed by functional key and numerical keyboard. All the logical functions and operating of the electro-hydraulic blockade device is performed through this control device, and besides an impulse regulator which operates the adjustable nozzle with electromotive actuator for the regulation of the pressure in the connecting gas conduit.

 

The measuring transducers of the pressure mounting on the well we measure:

-         well head pressure

-         pressure in the first ring area

-         pressure in the second ring area

-         gas pressure in the connecting conduit

-         the temperature of the gas in the well head

 

The electric measure signals (analog 4 – 20 mA or digital for “smart” transducers)  are connected to the control device in the gas station. All states and signals from the well are transferred to the control device in the gas station so that we have a secure view over the situation in each well on the monitors of the control device in the gas station.

All the blockade operating circles are made in “power fail safe” mode, so in the case of auxiliary power break or pressure fall in the hydraulic media the hydraulic bolt is closed.

 

We can through gas station perform the following:

-         command to block the brachial bolt

-         command to block the well

-         command the permission to deblock all the devices

 

 

Except for the computer the system consists of :

-         electronic measuring transducers

(of pressure, temperature, throughput, level)

-         the electrical switches

(for temperature, pressure and level)

-         executing elements of regulation and operating

(electromagnetic distributors and valves, relays, buttons, switches, contractors, valves and pneumatic regulation valves)

-         transducers of the standard electrical signal into pneumatic signal

-         the elements for the protection from the explosion in the electric devices

(security batteries, the security sources of voltage, the security draining relays)

-         the system of power supply

-         color monitors

-         printers

 

The processing computer accepts all the analog and discrete signals from the process and on the basis of it’s programmed operating logic and operating algorithms and regulation generates outgoing analog and discrete signals for the operating of the pneumatic regulation valves, relays, electromagnetic transducers and other devices in order to perform completely automated leading of the process.

The supervision and the control of the parameters (physical parameters) necessary for the leading of the technological process is performed by the schematic expression of the given technological process on the all the present parameters ( pressure, temperature, level, throughput etc.) on the color monitor. To make the viewing of the situation easier and quicker, the parts of the plant and certain parts of the process are shown in different colors. The whole technological process is shown in a lot of process pictures which are shown on the monitor according to your choice.

Except for being a media to supervise and lead the process the computer also gives to the operator a quick and easy view into the state of the technological process enables him to give commands through the keyboard and have the direct influence on the technological process.

The processing computer generates a list of alarms, the trend views of certain parameters, the detailed view on the operator’s demand, generates reports on demand, automatically generates shift reports, and enables the preparation of data for the transfer into the central computer.