Yuan's conquest of other nations

After the founding of the Mongolia-Han Nation, Cheng Jisihan (or Genghis Khan) started a long-period invasion to the surrounding areas. The Mongols expanded China's territory to include Middle Asia, Russia and India. Before long, the Four-Big-Han Nation was founded. Then, Cheng Jisihan started to invade Western Xia (a state along the northwestern border of China) and Jin. In the year 1227, the Mongols conquered Western Xia. But Cheng Jisihan was seriously ill at the time.

Picture: Tie Muzhen (Cheng Jisihan)( courtesy of www.Greatchinese.com)

End of Jin

In the East, Mongolian armies made expeditions to the south, they conquered Jin in the year 1234 and soon after Tu Fan and Dali. In the year 1260, Hu Bilie, the grandson of Cheng Jisihan, was crowned at Kai Pin, and was called Yuan Shangdu. In the year 1271, Hu Bilie converted the name of the nation to Da Yuan (or Big Yuan). That was the 8th year of ZhiYuan. In the following year, the capital was set in Yian Jin, which was afterwards called Dadu. The center of power of the Yuan Dynasty was diverted to Zhong Yuan.

End of Southern Song

After conquest of the Jin, the Yuan army attacked Southern Song. In the year 1276, Lin An was conquered and that put an end to the Southern Song dynasty. In the year 1279, the Yuan army chased You Emperor of the Southern Song, Lu Xiufu jumped to into the sea from Ya Hill in Guangdong with You Emperor on his back and both of them died.