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Culture
Politics The autocratic government of Qing was more autocratic than Ming. When this government reached its peak, any important events such as military events were completely in control by the emperor. The emperor also was in direct command of chief ministers in every cabinet. During Yong Zheng's rein, Jun Jichu (cabinet of military) was established to strengthen the imperial control (the one who has the control of the army has control of the country). The Qing did employ many talents and filling the government with many Hans as well as Mongols (although any important post was often occupied by Mongols). However because the Mongols are not native Chinese, they fear the revolt of Hans. Especially during Yongzheng's rule, Wenzi Yu (first started in Qin) was started again to harshly suppress scholars from expressing any anti-Qing thought. Many innocent people were killed in the name of "anti-Qing" and "pro-Ming"; many good books were burned or banned. The emperors of the Qing often went around the country inspecting the empire. Such act helped to strengthen the hold on the Chinese people. The Qing also sent deligates to Tibet and Xin Jiang, setting up the Da Lai and Ban Chan, etc.. On the whole, the Qing, having such a big empire was able to make the Qing a peaceful, multicultural place. The Qing was the last feudal dynasty in the history of China and the peak of feudal economic development. Rulers from early Qing tried to make wastelands useful and renovated river courses. Agriculture was thus able to achieve great development and production increased. The seed of capitalism also was able to get further development. Because of production increase, export to the West also increased. Up until the Opium War, China was very strong in foreign trade. But because of heavy taxation on merchandise and the "closed" policy, the development of capitalism was serious obstructed and China fell behind.
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