Introduction
Is a variety of chalcedony (silicon dioxide), it was depicted in oval lumps, in the tombs of the high officials of the New Kingdom but the Egyptians used it from the Predynastic Period and they made beads, amulets from it and used it in setting the jewellery, furniture and huge coffins.
The Name: it is still in doubt but may be the materials known as [k3] "ka" with both light and dark varieties.
The Source: It is usually in pebble form in the Eastern Desert.
Amethyst
It is a translucent quartz (silicon dioxide) with a glassy sheen the Middle Kingdom was the period of its greatest popularity and it continued to be used sporadically in jewellery-making until the Roman Period.
The Name: It was [hsmn] "hesemn"
The Source: the chief source during the Middle Kingdom was Wadi el-Hudi about 30km south east of Aswan.
Feldspar or Amazon Stone
Is an opaque, green or blue-green potas-sodium-aluminium-silicate, it was popular during the Middle Kingdom.
The Name: they called green feldspar [nsmt] "neshmet".
The Source: in the Eastern Desert.
Jasper
Is a hard opaque , often mottled red , green or yellow form of quartz (silicon dioxide)
The red jasper
The Name: [hnmt, mhnmt] "khnemet, mkhnemet".
The Source: in a number of localities in the Eastern Desert.
The green Jasper
The name: may be [nmhf] "nemhef".
· It was known from the Badarian Period.
The yellow Jasper
The Name: may be the same name of the red Jasper.
It wasn't use before the New Kingdom and wasn't used for jewellery until the Roman Period.
The green and yellow jasper found within layers of the red jasper.
Lapis lazuli
Is an opaque dark-blue mineral ( a sulphur- containing sodium aluminum - silicate).
It was blue or violet or blue-green.
The name: hsbd may be returned to the place which brought from it, it was Badakhshan in north-east of Afghanistan that it wasn't known in the Egyptian land.
Rock-Crystal
· Is a hard glass.
· It was sometimes colorless, transparent "Rock crystal" or "translucent milky colour" white or milky quartz"
· Both of them were used from the early period in Egypt.
The name: [mnu hd] "menu hedj" means "white quartz".
The source: from Aswan and the eastern Desert.
· They used it to make the beads and the corned of the eyes of the statues.
Turquoise
Is an opaque, pale sky-blue or blue-green copper containing basic aluminium phosphate.
The name: [mfk3t] "mfekat".
The source: from Wadi-Maghara and Serabit el-Khadim in Sinai
Language: Aspects of writing | Linguistic Features | Hieroglyphs etc.Gods
Gods: Isis | Ra | Set | Osiris | Qebhsennef | Maat
Pyramids: Building stones | Egypt Land of the pyramids | Canstruction of Pyramids | Huni's Pyramid | Zoser's step Pyramid | Sneferu's Pyramid | The solar Boat | The grest pyeamid of cheops | Chephren's pyramid | Senusert I's pyramid | Sphinx
Paint: Introduction | Subjects of paint scenes
sports: Introduction | Chariots-training horses | Running | Combating sports | Aquatic sports | Competition | Games and toys | Acrobtics
jewellery: Introduction | Gold | Silver | The precious & semi-precious Stones | The substitutes of precious stones | Same kinds of jewellery | Discoveries of jewellery
Sculpture: Introduction | Old kingdom statues | Middle kingdom statues | New kingdom statues