Test Questions 3

1. Who discovered the structure of DNA?
a. Darvin Charles Robert
b. Frederick Griffith
c. Gregor Mendel
d. James Watson and Francis Crick
e. Erwin Chargaff

2. How many sets of chromosomes does a normal human cell have?
a. 13
b. 23
c. 26
d. 46
e. 52

3. Which of the following statement about recessive allele is correct?
a. They are harmful to the bearer.
b. They are expressed phenotypically when homozygous.
c. They are not expressed when co-dominant.
d. They are masked by dominant alleles in homozygous.
e. If X-linked, their expression is observed less frequently in males.

4. Red-green colour-blindness is a sex-linked recessive trait. A colour-blind man marries a woman with normal vision, whose father is colour-blind. If they have a daughter, what is the probability that she will be colour-blind?
a. 0
b. 0.25
c. 0.50
d. 0.75
e. 1

5. At which stage of meiosis do sister chromatids separate?
a. Prophase II
b. Metaphase I
c. Metaphase II
d. Anaphase I
e. Anaphase II

6. How many daughter cells are produced from meiosis and mitosis?
a. 4, 2
b. 2, 2
c. 1, 2
d. 2, 4
e. 1, 1

7. Albinism in humans is controlled by a recessive allele. How many copies of this allele will be found at one of the poles of a cell at telophase I of meiosis in an albino person.
a. 23
b. 4
c. 2
d. 1
e. 0

8. Which of the following increases the number of different alleles in a population?
a. Crossing over
b. Gene mutation
c. Random fusion of gametes
d. Independent assortment of chromosomes in meiosis
e. Super coiling of chromatin to form chromosomes

9. In recombinant DNA experiments, . . . is used to cut pieces of DNA, and . . . joins these segments to form recombinant DNA.
a. a restriction enzyme . . . DNA ligase
b. a transposon . . . a restriction enzyme
c. a plasmid . . . DNA ligase
d. DNA ligase . . . a restriction enzyme
e. a transposon . . . a plasmid

10. Which of the following do sticky ends and nucleic acid probes have in common?
a. They both are used as gene vectors in genetic engineering.
b. They both involve complementary base pairing.
c. They both are parts of RNA molecules.
d. They both are produced by the action of restriction enzymes.
e. They both are important aspects of bacterial sex.

11. A genomic library is
a. where you look to find out how to make recombinant DNA.
b. a listing of the known nucleotide sequences for a particular species.
c. all the genes contained in one kind of cell.
d. a collection of cloned DNA pieces of recombinant DNA.
e. a place where one can obtain DNA samples from various species.

12. Archaeologists unearthed a human skull with a small dried fragment of the scalp still attached. They extracted a tiny amount of DNA from the scalp tissue. How could they obtain sufficient DNA for an analysis of the ancient human's genes?
a. subject the DNA to electrophoresis
b. use a nucleic acid probe
c. subject the specimen to amniocentesis
d. use the polymerase chain reaction
e. subject the DNA to restriction enzymes

13. Electrophoresis is used to
a. separate fragments of DNA.
b. clone genes.
c. cut DNA into fragments.
d. match a gene with its function.
e. amplify small DNA samples to obtain enough for analysis.

14. Which of the following would be considered a transgenic organism?
a. a bacterium that has received genes via conjugation
b. a human given a corrected human blood-clotting gene
c. a fern grown in cell culture from a single fern root cell
d. a rat with rabbit hemoglobin genes
e. a human treated with insulin produced by E. coli bacteria

15. A crop scientist spliced genes for disease resistance into Ti plasmids and then treated tomato plants with the plasmids. Some parts of some plants resisted the disease, but most of the plants eventually died. The researcher could increase his chances for success by
a. treating single cells and cloning whole plants from the cells.
b. using molecular probes to figure out where to put the genes.
c. using R plasmids rather than Ti plasmids to introduce the genes.
d. inserting the genes into the cells of the tomato plants with a needle.
e. employing bacteriophages as vectors to get the genes into the plants.

16. Two parents, both of blood group A, have a daughter of blood group O. What is the probability that their next child will be a boy who has blood group O?
a. 0
b. 0.125
c. 0.375
d. 0.5
e. 0.75

17. Who demonstrated that genes are located on chromosomes?
a. Morgan
b. Meselson and Stahl
c. Chargaff
d. Franklin
e. Watson and Crick

18. Chargaff found that for DNA
a. the ratio of A to C is close to 1:1 and the ratio of G to T is close to 1:1.
b. the ratio of A to T is close to 1:1 and the ratio of G to C is close to 1:1.
c. the ratio of A to G is close to 1:1 and the ratio of T to C is close to 1:1.
d. A + T = G + C.
e. A + G > T + C.

19. Which of the following is not needed for DNA replication?
a. ribosomes
b. DNA
c. nucleotides
d. enzymes
e. All of the above are needed.

20. The flow of information in a cell proceeds
a. from RNA to DNA to protein.
b. from protein to RNA to DNA.
c. from DNA to protein to RNA.
d. from RNA to protein to DNA.
e. from DNA to RNA to protein.

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