Transformation This is the process of introducing the recombined plasmids into the host cells, which is generally E. coli. The mixture of DNA molecules obtained in step 2 will then be added to an E-coli mixture. They are made competent, that is, able to take up DNA from the solution, by addition of calcium ions in the form of calcium chloride. The E. coli cells takes in the plasmids by endocytosis.  Only about 1% will take up DNA from the solution and only a small proportion of these transformed cells will contain the required recombinant plasmids.

 

Relating Topics
- Recombination