Jupiter's Moons
Jupiter has a dozen moons other than the large Galilean satellites. These are much smaller than the Galilean moons.
Many of these moons may be asteroids captured in the immense gravitational field of Jupiter.
Metis (Jupiter XVI):-
Metis ( "MEE tis" ) is the innermost of Jupiter's known satellites
Orbit:128,000 km from Jupiter
Diameter:40 km
Mass:9.56e16 kg
Discovered by :Synnott in 1979 (Voyager 1).
Metis and Adrastea lie within Jupiter's main ring. They may be the source of the material comprising the ring.
Small satellites within a planet's rings are sometimes called "mooms".
Adrastea (Jupiter XV):-
Adrastea ("a DRAS tee uh") is the second of Jupiter's known satellites
Orbit: 129,000 km from Jupiter
Diameter: 20 km (23 x 20 x 15)
Mass: 1.91e16 kg
Discovered by: graduate student David Jewitt (working under Danielson) in 1979 (Voyager 1).
Metis and Adrastea orbit inside the synchronous orbit radius and inside the Roche limit. They may be small enough to avoid tidal disruption but their orbits will eventually decay.
Adrastea is one of the smallest moons in the solar system.
Amalthea (Jupiter V)
Amalthea ("am al THEE uh") is the third of Jupiter's known satellites
orbit:181,300 km from Jupiter
diameter:189 km (270 x 166 x 150)
mass:7.17e18 kg
Discovered by: Barnard 1892 September 9 using the 36 inch (91 cm) refractor at Lick Observatory. Amalthea was the last moon to be discovered by direct visual observation (as opposed to photography).
Amalthea and Himalia are Jupiter's fifth and sixth largest moons; they are about the same size but only 1/15 the size of next larger one, Europa.
Like most of Jupiter's moons, Amalthea rotates synchronously; its long axis is pointed toward Jupiter.
Amalthea is the reddest object in the solar system. The reddish color is apparently due to sulfur originating from Io.
Its size and irregular shape imply that Amalthea is a fairly strong, rigid body. Its composition is probably more like an asteroid's than like the Galilean moons.
Like Io, Amalthea radiates more heat than it receives from the Sun (probably due to the electrical currents induced by Jupiter's magnetic field).
Thebe (Jupiter XIV):-
Thebe ("THEE bee") is the fourth of Jupiter's known satellites
orbit: 222,000 km from Jupiter
diameter:100 km (100 x 90)
mass: 7.77e17 kg
Discovered by: Synnott in 1979 (Voyager 1).
The image above shows Thebe's leading side which has three or four large (compared to Thebe's size) craters.
Leda (Jupiter XIII):-
Leda ("LEE duh") is the ninth of Jupiter's known satellites and the smallest.
Orbit:11,094,000 km from Jupiter
Diameter:16 km
Mass:5.68e15 kg
Discovered by: Kowal in 1974.
Leda, Ananke, and Sinope are among the smallest moons in the solar system.
Himalia (Jupiter VI);-
Himalia ("hih MAL yuh") is the tenth of Jupiter's known satellites.
orbit:11,480,000 km from Jupiter
diameter:186 km
mass:9.56e18 kg
Discovered by:Perrine in 1904.
Unlike the inner satellites, the orbits of Leda, Himalia, Lysithea and Elara are significantly inclined to Jupiter's equator (about 28 degrees).
Lysithea (Jupiter X)
Lysithea ("ly SITH ee uh") is the eleventh of Jupiter's known satellites.
Orbit:11,720,000 km from Jupiter
Diameter:36 km
Mass:7.77e16 kg
Discovered by: Nicholson in 1938.
Elara (Jupiter VII)
Elara ("EE lar uh") is the twelfth of Jupiter's known satellites.
Orbit: 11,737,000 km from Jupiter
Diameter: 76 km
Mass: 7.77e17 kg
Discovered by: Perrine in 1905
Leda, Himalia, Lysithea and Elara may be remnants of a single asteroid that was captured by Jupiter and broken up.
Ananke (Jupiter XII)
Ananke ("a NANG kee") is the thirteenth of Jupiter's known satellites.
orbit: 21,200,000 km from Jupiter
diameter:30 km
mass: 3.82e16 kg
Discovered by: Nicholson in 1951.
Ananke, Carme, Pasiphae and Sinope have unusual but similar orbits.
Carme (Jupiter XI)
Carme ("KAR mee") is the fourteenth of Jupiter's known satellites.
orbit:22,600,000 km from Jupiter
diameter:40 km
mass:9.56e16 kg
Discovered by: Nicholson in 1938.
Ananke, Carme, Pasiphae and Sinope are especially unusual in that their orbits are retrograde.
Pasiphae (Jupiter VIII)
Pasiphae ("pah SIF ah ee") is the fifteenth of Jupiter's known satellites.
orbit:23,500,000 km from Jupiter
diameter:50 km
mass:1.91e17 kg
Discovered by;P. Melotte in 1908.
Ananke, Carme, Pasiphae and Sinope have orbits highly inclined to Jupiter's equator (about 150 degrees).
Sinope (Jupiter IX)
Sinope ("sah NOH pee") is the outermost of Jupiter's known confirmed satellites.
orbit:23,700,000 km from Jupiter
diameter:36 km
mass:7.77e16 kg
Discovered by: Nicholson in 1914.
Ananke, Carme, Pasiphae and Sinope may be remnants of a single asteroid that was captured by Jupiter and broken up.
Difficulties:-
2-We know next to nothing about these moons. Even the basic mass and size data are not very accurate.
3-What role do these moons play in maintaining Jupiter's rings?
4-We know next to nothing about these moons. Even the basic mass and size data are not very accurate.
5-Where does Amalthea's extra heat come from? Tidal stress?
[Sun-Mercury-Venus-Earth-Mars-Jupiter-Saturn-Uranus-Neptune-Pluto]
[Source-About Team #C0115361-Comparison Tables-Earth Gelogical-Eclipses-Kinds of stars-Lunar Eclipse-Lunar Tides-Plate Tectonics-Quiz-
Planets Mythology]
Last Modified : 5 Sep. 2001
Created By#C0115361 Team