It is believed that because African slaves often had their hands bound, they focused heavily on defending themselves with their legs and evading attack since they didn't have the ability to block. Capoeira, in turn, is comprised of many kicks and leg sweeps for attacks, and dodges for defense. The basic structure of movement is based on attack (ataque), counterattack (contragolpe), defense (defesa), and escape (esquiva). Depending on the style, the techniques can be performed either rapidly or slowly, with jumps, or close to the ground.
Amarda de Costa (an outer crescent kick)
While performing the techniques, students assume a basic stance, their bodies facing their partner (or opponent) while learning their weight on the flexed front leg and extending the other leg backwards. Basic footwork, or "ginga", involves continuously changing this basic stance from the right leg to the left leg, following the opponent with the legs. The Capoerista will continue to change stances and feint attack to prevent his partner/opponent from getting close to him and give himself the chance to prepare to execute an attack (strike, kick, etc.).
Martelo (a high roundhouse kick)
Although there is much emphasis on the feet, modern Capoeira does rely on some blocking techniques and punches, although they are quite rare.
Bencao (a front kick)
Like challenges? Take the Capoeira Quiz.
Images
of "Amarda de Costa",
"Martelo" and " Bencao" from
Capoeira Barbados (http://www.geocities.com/morpheus_bb/how_to.html).
morpheus_bb@yahoo.com. Aug 2001. Email message.
