Green house gasses had no great effects on the environment
some few years back. But as car technology grew we scientists have been
seing some side effects on there increase in the atmosphere. Green house
gasses such as methane and Carbon dioxide are responsible for warming the
earths atmosphere. However scientists feel that an abnormal increase may
cause global warming, which is has now been realised by some areas. Global
warming may cause the polar ice to melt and subsequently increase the ocean
water levels and this may cause flooding. Some scientist however are not
quite sure whether global warming is the result of increasing green house
gasses but they all agree not looking up at the matter is an experiment
that we don't want to take. Many developed world countries have proposed
a study in the matter and the creation of inventions that may help
reduce these gassses emmision. And so far the following inventions are
on there way:
A device incorporated in the exhaust system of motor cars and other vehicles
that reduces emissions of certain pollutants. Exhaust gases are passed
through chambers coated in such rare metals as palladium and platinum;
these metals act as catalysts, encouraging chemical reactions that change
such pollutants as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and certain hydrocarbons
into carbon dioxide and water. Emission standards made catalytic converters
mandatory for new petrol-engine cars sold in the United States since 1983
and in the EU since 1993. Recently, catalytic converters for diesel engines
have also been developed.
In practice catalytic converters reduce emissions less than in
test conditions. They can take an 8-km (5-mi) drive to become effective
and require the vehicle to use unleaded petrol, since lead causes them
to cease functioning. They increase fuel consumption, and there is concern
regarding the environmental impact of obtaining and disposing of the rare
metals they contain.
-
ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR *2
An electrical device for removing suspended impurities such as dust, fumes,
or mist, from air or other gases, developed around 1906. Although more
expensive than mechanical collectors such as air filters, electrostatic
precipitators are more efficient, and are particularly effective in removing
very fine particles. The gas to be purified moves through passages that
have a series of discharge electrodes suspended in the passage centres,
insulated electrically from the rest of the precipitator. The electrodes
are supplied with direct current at high voltages ranging from 30,000 to
75,000 volts. Beyond the discharge electrodes are large metal collector
electrodes that are electrically charged.
The high-voltage current applied to the discharge electrodes
ionizes the impurities; this ionization charges the suspended particles.
The collector electrodes have a charge opposite of the ionized particles,
so the suspended particles move towards the collector electrodes and become
deposited on the electrode's surface. Periodically, the collector electrodes
must be washed or scraped clean to remove the deposited impurities. Electrostatic
precipitators are used extensively in eliminating atmospheric pollution
from the exhausts of industrial devices such as steam boilers and cement
kilns; they are also used for collecting sulphuric acid and phosphoric
acid mists, and recovering sodium compounds in soda and sulphate pulp mills.
[RECYCLING!][Air
pollution][Global
warming][Acid rain][Airpollution]
[*1 & *2]Information adapted from encarta encyclopedia.