Stress can cause information retrieval failure. Therefore, it is important that students learn how to be relaxed in a testing environment. If a student gets stressed during a test, (s)he may have problems remembering the material. (Riccio & Richardson, 1984b) (Benjamin, Hopkins, & Nation, 1994. p.282)

When our bodies are stressed, they produce the hormone cortisol. Prolonged exposure to very high levels of cortisol has been shown to have a negative effect on memory. ("High stress can impair memory: Major surgery, psychological woes implicated." 2000)

One good way to reduce stress is to relax. How individuals relax may be a matter of choice or preference. Here are just some of the ways people may find helpful to relax. Relaxation Lesson Plans are available on a previous TQ site on Sleep from A to Zzz.

• Music
• Peaceful sounds, thoughts (e.g. nature, waterfall)
• Imagery
• Biofeedback
• Deep breathing
• Neurolinguistic programming - saying messages to oneself to influence your own biological rhythms.

Exercise can also help one to relax or to reduce stress, thereby improving memory.