2. An element with an electronegativity of 0.9 bonds with an element with an electronegativity of 3.1. Which phrase best describes the bond between these elements?
a) mostly ionic in character and formed between two nonmetals
b) mostly ionic in character and formed between a metal and a nonmetal
c) mostly covalent in character and formed between two nonmetals
d) mostly covalent in character and formed between a metal and a nonmetal

3. The symmetrical structure of a methane (CH₄) molecule is due to the fact that the four single bonds between carbon and hydrogen atoms are directed toward the corners of a
a) triangle
b) tetrahedron
c) square
d) octahedron

4. At 298 K, the vapor pressure of H₂O is less than the vapor pressure of CH₃OH because H₂O has
a) larger molecules
b) a larger molecular mass
c) stronger ionic bonds
d) stronger hydrogen bonds

5. When NaCl_(s) is dissolved in H₂O_(l), the sodium ion is attracted to which part of the water molecule?
a) negative end, which is hydrogen
b) negative end, which is oxygen
c) positive end, which is hydrogen
d) positive end, which is oxygen

6. Which Lewis-dot structure represents a substance that contains a nonpolar covalent bond?
a)       c)
b)                 d)

7. Between the molecules of which compound is hydrogen bonding the strongest?
a) HF
b) HCl
c) HBr
d) HI

8. Which compound has the highest melting point?
a) SiO₂
b) CO₂
c) SO₂
d) NO₂

9. Which structural formula represents a polar molecule?
a)                          c)
b)           d)

10. Which of the following elements has the greatest ability to attract electrons?
a) Li
b) Be
c) Na
d) Mg

11. When a potassium atom reacts with bromine, the potassium will
a) lose only 1 electron
b) lose 2 electrons
c) gain only 1 electron
d) gain 2 electrons

12. If M represents an alkali metal, what is the formula for the compound formed by M and oxygen?
a) MO₂
b) M₂O
c) M₂O₃
d) M₃O₂

13. What is the maximum number of covalent bonds that a carbon atom can form?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4

14. Which pair of bonds will share electrons when a bond is formed between them?
a) Ba and I
b) Br and Cl
c) K and Cl
d) Li and I

15. Which formula is described correctly?
a) BaCl₂ is covalent and molecular.
b) H₂O₂ is covalent and empirical.
c) H₂O is ionic and molecular.
d) NaCl is ionic and empirical.

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