Notes
	Basic Chemistry     Matter     Intensive Versus Extensive Properties     Changes in Matter     Significant Figures Nomenclature     Common Elements     Covalent Compounds     Ionic Compounds (Salts)         Positive Ions         Negative Ions     Polyatomic Ions     Acids and Acid Salts     Hydrocarbons Stoichiometry     Introduction     Percent Composition     Empirical Formulas     Limiting Reactant     Sample Problems Atomic Structure     Development of the Atom     Electromagnetic Radiation     Atomic Spectra     Bohr Model     Wave-Particle Duality     Quantum Numbers     Electron Configurations         Aufbau Principle         Pauli Exclusion Principle         Hund's Rule     Development of Elements and the Periodic Table     Periodic Trends         Atomic Radii         Ionic Radii         Ionization Energy         Electron Affinity         Lattice Energy     Metals, Nonmetals, and Semimetals Bonding     Intramolecular Forces of Attraction         Electronegativity and Polarity         Polar Versus Nonpolar Bonds         Polar Versus Nonpolar Molecules     Lewis Dot Structures         Two atom molecule:  Cl2         More than 2 atom molecule:  CH4         Nonbonding electrons:  NH3         Positive polyatomic ion:  NH4+         Formal Charge         Negative polyatomic ion:  PO43-         Double bond:  CO2         Resonance Hybrid:  SO2     Predicting Molecular Shapes - VSEPR         Molecules without nonbonding electrons         Molecules with nonbonding electrons         Hybridization     Intermolecular Forces of Attraction         Network (Covalent) Bond         Ionic Bond         Metallic Bond         Hydrogen Bond         Dipole-Dipole Forces         London Dispersion Forces  Gases     Properties of Gases     Elements and Compounds that are Gases at Room Temperature     Pressure     Laws         Boyle's Law         Amonton's Law         Charles' Law         Gay-Lussac's Law (law of combining volumes)         Avogadro's Hypothesis         Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures     Ideal Gas Equation     Kinetic Molecular Theory     Graham's Laws of Diffusion and Effusion     Deviations from Ideal Gas Behavior: van der Waals Equation Solutions and Colligative Properties     Mixtures and Solutions     Concentration     Colligative Properties         Boiling Point Elevation         Freezing Point Depression     Antifreeze     Phase Diagrams Acids and Bases     Development of Acids and Bases         Arrhenius Definitions         Brønsted-Lowry Definitions         Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs         Lewis Definitions     Typical Acids and Bases     pH         Acid-Base Indicators     Factors that Affect the Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases         Polarity         Size         Charge         Oxidation State Equilibrium     Acid-Dissociation Equilibrium Constant         Strong acid (or base) calculations             Strong acid calc #1 (with details)             Strong acid calc #2         Weak acid calculations             Weak acid calc #1             Summary of weak acid calcs             Weak acid calc #2             Weak acid calc #3 - When the assumption fails         Mixtures (salt solutions)         Monoprotic versus polyprotic acids     Base-Ionization Equilibrium Constant     Buffers         Henderson-Hasselbach Equation     Gas-Phase Equilibrium         How to write Equilibrium Constant Expressions         Reaction Quotient         Summary - Gas-Equilibrium Calculations         If the Assumption Fails         Summary - Alternate method         Partial Pressure Gas Equilibrium     LeChâtelier's Principle         Concentration         Pressure         Volume         Temperature     Solubility Equilibrium         Solubility and solubility rules         Solubility product equilibrium constant         Solubility calculation #1         Solubility calculation #2         Ion product Thermodynamics     Temperature, Heat and Work         Latent versus sensible heat         Caloric Theory of Heat         Kinetic Theory of Heat         Work     First Law of Thermodynamics         State Functions     Calorimetry     Enthalpy         Standard-State Enthalpy of Reaction         Hess's Law         Enthalpy of Formation         Bond Energy     Entropy         Second Law of Thermodynamics         Third Law of Thermodynamics         Standard-State Entropy of Reaction     Gibbs Free Energy         Temperature and Free Energy         Free Energy and Equilibrium Constants         Free Energy and Cell Potentials Electrochemistry     Oxidation and Reduction     Assigning Oxidation Numbers     Balancing Redox Reactions         Example in Acidic Solution         Example in Basic Solution     Galvanic (Voltaic) Cells     Electrolytic Cells         Electrolysis of Water     Standard-State Cell Potentials         Line Notation     Nernst Equation and Faraday's Law Kinetics     Rate     Order and Molecularity     Rate Calculations     Collision Theory Model     Mechanisms     Factors Affecting Reaction Rates         Concentration         Surface Area         Temperature         Catalysts     Activation Energy         Arrhenius Equation     Integrated Forms of the First-Order and Second-Order Rate Laws Nuclear Chemistry     Introduction     Radioactivity     Neutron-Rich Versus Neutron-Poor Nuclides     Binding Energy     Kinetics     Carbon Dating     Ionizing Versus Nonionizing Radiation     Natural Versus Induced Radioactivity     Fission     Fusion     Radon Reactions     Basic Types of Reactions         Synthesis (Direct Combination)         Decomposition         Single Replacement         Double Replacement         Combustion     Common Decomposition reactions     Solubility Rules     Overview of the Reactions Question     Overview of Reactions with Water     Overview of Acid-Base Reactions     Overview of Redox Reactions     Overview of Organic Reactions     Reactions Question Menu Tables     Periodic Table     Standard Reduction Potentials     SI System     Common Constants     Common Conversion Factors