Carolus Linnaeus:  was the inventor of binomial nomenclature (Genus species).

What are fossils?
     imprints, bones, amber-preservations
     millions of years old
     What are methods of determining the age of fossils?
          carbon-14 (radioisotope) dating
          looking at the sedimentary layers (geology)

Evidence for Evolution.
.

1. Comparative anatomy and embryology (the popular phrase "ontogeny [or development] recapitulates phylogeny [or evolutionary history]")
2. vestigiality (a body part or organ so reduced from the original ancestral form that it is no longer functional)
3. homology (same origin but different function)
   analogy (same function but different origin)
4. molecular biology

Evolution Theories.

Catastrophism:  Cuvier stated "sudden dramatic events limit life"
Gradualism:  Hutton submitted "a long slow change in the formation of the earth"

Use-and-Disuse:  LaMarcke stated the "inheritence of acquired characteristics"
Lifeboat Ethics:  Mathis said to help the better off because you use less resources (less risk to the individual)
Natural Selection:  Darwin and Wallace (individually) work on modern evolution theory.

Next:  "Hardy-Weinberg."