| Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system. Its mass is more than twice of all the planets add up together. It has 16 satellites and an almost invisible ring. Jupiter's rotational period is the shortest of all planets. Its atmosphere is very deep, almost comprising the whole planet. It is composed mainly of hydrogen and helium. Pressure is so great at the depths of Jupiter that the hydrogen atoms are broken up and the electrons are freed so that the resulting atoms consist of bare protons. Hydrogen at this state becomes metallic. The Great Red Spot is made up of different colors such as red, dark red and blue. It is a complex storm moving in anti-clockwise direction. At the outer part of the spot, material rotate in a cycle of four to six days, near the center, motions are small and they rotate in a random direction. Jupiter's ring Gossamer looks like one single ring but it is discovered that it is really two rings. These rings are composed of dust particles which is microscopic in size. One ring is embeded within another. |
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Mars Statistics:
Mass (kg): 1.90x1027 Diameter (km): 142984 Average Density (kg/m3): 1314 Escape Velocity (m/sec): 59500 Rotation Period (Earth days): 9.8 Tilt of Axis (o): 3.08 Orbit inclination (o): 1.3 Average Surface Temperature (oF): -250 Atmospheric Components: 90% Hydrogen, 10% Helium, a small amount of methane Number of Satellites: 16 (Adrastea, Amalthea, Ananke, Callisto, Carme, Elara, Europa, Ganymede, Himalia, Io, Leda, Lysithea, Metis, Pasiphae, Sinope, Thebe) Number of Rings: 2 (Gossamer) |
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Jupiter's Satellites
| Moon | Radius(km) | Mass(kg) | Distance(km) | Discoverer | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adrastea | 12.5x10x7.5 | 1.91e+16 | 128,971 | Jewitt-Danielson | 1979 |
| Amalthea | 135x84x75 | 7.17e+18 | 181,300 | E. Barnard | 1892 |
| Ananke | 15 | 3.82e+16 | 21,200,000 | S. Nicholson | 1951 |
| Callisto | 2,400 | 1.08e+23 | 1,883,000 | Marius-Galileo | 1610 |
| Carme | 20 | 9.56e+16 | 22,600,000 | S. Nicholson | 1938 |
| Elara | 38 | 7.77e+17 | 11,737,000 | C. Perrine | 1905 |
| Europa | 1,569 | 4.80e+22 | 670,900 | Marius-Galileo | 1610 |
| Ganymede | 2,631 | 1.48e+23 | 1,070,000 | Marius-Galileo | 1610 |
| Himalia | 93 | 9.56e+18 | 11,480,000 | C. Perrine | 1904 |
| Io | 1,815 | 8.94e+22 | 421,600 | Marius-Galileo | 1610 |
| Metis | 20 | 9.56e+16 | 127,969 | S. Synnott | 1979 |
| Leda | 8 | 5.68e+15 | 11,094,000 | C. Kowal | 1974 |
| Lysithea | 18 | 7.77e+16 | 11,720,000 | S. Nicholson | 1938 |
| Pasiphae | 25 | 1.91e+17 | 23,500,000 | P. Melotte | 1908 |
| Sinope | 18 | 7.77e+16 | 23,700,000 | S. Nicholson | 1914 |
| Thebe | 55x45 | 7.77e+17 | 221,895 | S. Synnott | 1979 |