Terms & Definitions

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8 Ball - 8 Ball

9 Ball - In 9-ball, all the balls on the table are solids except for the nine ball. Each ball is pocketed consecutively; however the nine ball maybe pocketed without completing all eight solids if it is pocketed in a combination shot.

Angular Momentum - The efforts required to bring a rotating object to rest.

Billiards - This game is played on a six-pocket table with two white balls and one red; players could score either by making a billiard upon the two object balls, by pocketing the red, or by pocketing one’s own ball after contact with an object ball.

Cross Product - The cross product of two vectors is a vector which is orthogonal to both vectors.

Drag Force - The force which opposes the direction in which an object is moving.

Elasticity - The measurement of resilience (ratio of relative initial velocity to relative final velocity in collisions).

Force - Interactions among things or matters occur by forces. Forces cause motion and influence the basic kinematics of objects and they are important to study mechanics.

Friction - Drag force that exist between two surfaces that are in contact.

Head-On Collisions - One-dimensional, direct collisions that occur between two objects (center of masses are aligned).

Impulse - Caused by forces which are delivered in very short span of time, or impulse.

Inertia - the resistance of a body at rest to being set in motion or of a body in motion to any change of speed or change in direction of motion.

Kinematics - The geometry of motion in physics and mechanics.

Kinetic Energy - Energy of movement.

Linear Momentum - The efforts required to bring a linearly moving (translating) object to rest.

Isaac Newton - Father of classical physics and the author of 3 Newton's Laws.

Mechanical Energy Dissipation (Frictional Dissipation) - Energy that is lost through thermodynamic conversion.

Normal Force - The force that is perpendicular to the surface of the objects in contact.

Pool - Pool is the modernized version of billiards; it retains its original six-pocket table but has fifteen different colored balls and one white ball (the cue ball). The fifteen balls are also distinguished by stripes or solids.

Rotation - Rotation is very similar to 9-ball except the players need to pocket all 15 solids/stripes and there is no short way of winning through a combination shot. And the foul penalties for rotation is much more strict. The number on the ball is its point value and once a player has reached a certain amount of points which cannot be reached by the other, he/she wins the game.

Rotational Kinetic Energy - Energy of objects in rotation.

Spherical Geometry - Unique geometry used to define points on a spherical surface using three coordinates, (r, f, q)

Straight Pool - Straight pool is a very liberal game and each player pockets any ball on the table. The player(s) with the most ball pocketed when a set maximum is reached wins.

Torque - Torque causes an object to roll, or to result in an angular acceleration.

Vectors - Vector quantities are defined by magnitude (r) and direction (q)