Vectors
In physics, quantities are classified using
two categories: scalar quantities and vector quantities. Scalar quantities are
defined purely by its magnitude. Examples of scalar objects include mass, speed,
and distance. Vector quantities are defined by its magnitude and also by direction.
Hence the definition of a vector; it is an arrow which gives direction and the size
of the arrow gives its magnitude. Some examples include force, torque, velocity,
acceleration and momentum.
In this website, we will utilize vector mathematics for calculations. An important
equation in the later section involves the cross product of two vectors. Geometrically speaking,
a cross product of two vectors gives a third vector which is perpendicular to the both vectors.
The right-hand rule is applied when determining the direction of the cross product vector.
Right Hand Rule:
Place your right hand on the first vector, end of your palm must be positioned on the initial
point of the vector
Curl your hand towards the second vector
The direction in which your thumb is pointing is the direction of the cross product of the two vectors
This animated diagram shows the cross product of vectors x and y. It follows the right hand rule.
To learn more about vector arithmetic and geometry, go to Vector Arithmetic
Sample Problem What is the cross product of v and w, if
v = <4, 3, 5> and w = <6, 2, 3>?