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Thermometer
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Courtesy of Grolier Educational
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The Italian scientist Galileo came very close to inventing the thermometer in 1592, with an open-ended tube filled with water called a “thermoscope”. Duke Ferdinand II of Tuscany then improved Galileo’s apparatus by sealing the tube to eliminate the effect air pressure had on the water inside the tube. But the first thermometer that resembled the ones we know today was the mercury thermometer that was created by a Dutch instrument-maker, D.G. Fahrenheit, in the early eighteenth century. Today thermometers are used in most households.
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