In
the later section we talk about the inflation theory which explains the
formation of matter but till now, we can't know what is the building or
the smallest unit in universe because atom it self which is the building
unit of matter contain 136 particle inside it, and we don't know weather
is the end or not, may be there's a smaller body, this topic become more
complicated when Max Planck announce that matter can convert into energy
and vice versa, that means that energy may be the origin of universe but
there're prime bodies which play an important rule in the origin of the
atom which will be discussed in this section.
This
section includes the following topics:
How
were the prime bodies formed? It’s
believed that the titanic explosion was like a very powerful nuclear
reactor in which (according to the quantum and atomic theory) the prime
bodies were formed e.g. Quark and lepton after the temperature decreased
the fundamental bodies were formed e.g. positive proton, positive
electron, neutral neutron, then the formation of H, He, then Li, Be, B,
the positive electron began to rotate around a positive nucleus when the
temperature became sufficient, theories also assured that every body has
an “anti-matter” equals it in mass but differs in charge, and (Oscar
Clien) said that the anti matter was completely separated forming another
universe “anti–universe”, a lot of scientists believed this theory
especially the German scientist auto Fritch, another theory said that
there’s only one universe as the fundamental bodies was farther than the
anti bodies, so some of them destroy the anti bodies causing the emission
of (gamma) rays.
Quark
Particles: Quark was discovered by
Murray gall-manr and it has six kinds, each pair in a generation the 1st
of which is “quark – top” which is positively charged (2/3 of its
body is positively charged) 2nd body is quark-button, and the
1/3 of this body is negatively charged. The second generation contain
quark-charm and it has 2/3 of its body with positive charge while
quark-strange has 1/3 with negative charge the last generation is quark-up
has 2/3 positive charge like top and charm while down is like bottom and
strange is negative charged every quark is equal 300 thousand ev.
“Nuclear physics doesn’t use the measurement of bodies but of energy
because body equal energy in nuclear physics” every proton consists of 3
quarks 2 of which is quark-up and one down. 2/3 + 2/3 + (-1/3) = + 3/3
i.e. proton is positively charged each quark attached with the other by
the gluon body which hold the strong nuclear power neutron consists of 2
quark-down and 1 quark-up i.e. 2/3 + (-1/3) + (-1/3) = 0/3 then neutron is
neutral. It is possible that 2 quarks combined together forming body like
pion, which is one IP and one down then the charge is positively charged.
Lepton
Particles: Lepton
body also has 6 kinds the 1st generation is Tau and its friend
Tau-neutrino, and it has zero charge the 2nd generation is moun
and muon-neutrino the 3rd is electron negatively charged and
electron-neutrino and the 2nd kind is position which is a
positive electron every 3 leptons attached together forming an electron
and they are attracted by boson (a body which hold the weak nuclear
energy).
Properties
of the prime bodies:
The
fundamental bodies don’t share in any chemical reaction only electron
and the particles “like quark, lepton don’t share in any reaction
“nuclear and chemical” boson and gluon don’t share in reaction and
don’t submit to pauli’s principal it just hold messages in or out the
atom by any velocity even light velocity.