The Fundamental Forces

Introduction

The Nature
Of Universe
In The
Ancient's Point
Of View

Birth Of
Universe

The Prime
Bodies

The Origin Of
Matter And
It's Spread
In Universe

The
Fundamental
Forces

Galaxies

The Radioactive
Bodies In
Universe

Death Of
Universe

 All the elements are attached together by 4 main forces which exists in nature, two new forces were discovered but we aren’t sure of them.
This section includes the following topics:

• Gravitational force.

• Electromagnetic force.

• Weak nuclear force.

• Strong nuclear force.

• The understudying forces.

Gravitational force:
Gravitational force is the 1^st force we’ve known since Isaac Newton discovered it in 1687 appear except in huge bodies because it needs huge bodies to appear this force is held by special bodies called graviton, which is still undiscovered, and this force is responsible for keeping stars, planets in its order.

Electromagnetic force:
 Electromagnetic force was discovered in 1823 and it affects all charged bodies, and its effect is endless and has no limit, and it organizes the movement of the subatomic particles inside the atom, and it is held by a body called Photon (still undiscovered) and it has light velocity, it also hold light and radio waves so it is considered as a holder to electromagnetic, radiation and light forces, it hasn’t any mass or charge so it too difficult to be discovered.

Weak nuclear force:
Weak nuclear energy is responsible for the separation of the atom like Hadrons and light particle like Leptons, its holder is very special particles which discovered by accident in 1957 and it was named after its discoverer Bos “it’s name is Boson” and it has two kinds “Z” (uncharged) and “W” (negatively charged), this force also control the nuclear reaction.

Strong nuclear force:
 Strong nuclear energy is the strongest force in nature, and it responsible for the attachment of the fundamental bodies together, it has an indescribable force, its holder is Gloven, which was discovered in 1976, it affects heavy particles like Hadrons.

The understudying forces:
In 1986 the fifth force was discovered which is Hyper-charge force and it is opposite to gravitational force. But it has very small effect (it extend for just thousands of meters). It seems that this force is responsible for the falling of the bodies according to its formation (this contradicts with gravitational laws), and it still under studying, in 1987 a sixth force was discovered which is repulsive force and it has also very limited effect.
Scientists thought that all this is only one force with different kind or forces, and the gravitational force was formed after 1x10^-42 second from the titanic explosion where the energy was very great, it was estimated for 1x10¹⁸ Gev.
Other three forces was formed after the decrease of the temperature and scientists are trying to find a theory contains three forces “Grand unified theory” of “Gut” but to satisfy this we need a huge amount of energy from an enormous accelerator. After the formation of the elements, stars accumulate in galaxies and galaxies exist in universe (it is thought that universe contain 100 billion galaxies) so galaxies are considered the biggest building unit of universe.

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