Types of Ships(9)


 
©US Navy Photo
2.Underwater ships - submarines
Submarines are ships which can submerge and work under the water surface. They are built of special type of steel and alloys of titanium, aluminum and cobalt. The traditional weapon is the torpedo which is located in tubes in the bow. Submarines have a very strong hull in order to resist water pressure. They have ballast tanks which control the submerging of the ship - water enters them and helps the ship sink to a certain depth. The reverse process is done with compressed air which expels the water from the tanks and the ship goes up.

Area of Sailing
1. Sea - To this category pertain foreign-going vessels (sailing to distant areas) and cabotage ships (sailing near the coast)
2. Inland waters - in lakes and rivers
3. Combined sailing - river-sea, sea-river
4. Arctic conditions (through ice)

Means of Propulsion
1. Self-propelled vessels
2. Towed/tugged vessels (e.g. barges, floating docks)

Nature of Motion
1. Sailing on the water surface
2. Sailing under the water surface
3. Sailing above the water surface - hydrofoils and hovercrafts.

Hull Material
1. Steel
2. Light Alloys
3. Wood
4. Ferro-concrete
5. Plastic
6. Combined

Type of Main Engine

 
Photo used on an educational and non-profit site;http://members.home.net/mariner-pics/, Martin Leduc
The ship drive system is a combination of machinery, pipes and heat exchangers that provide the motion of the ship at a specified speed. The main engine is in the center of this system. It supplies energy to the ship's propeller which in turn drives the vessel forward.
1. Steam Engine
2. Steam Turbine
3. Gas Turbine
4. Diesel Engine (internal combustion engine)
5. Electric Motor
6. Wind (tall ships)
7. Human force - rowboats

 
Tall Ship
"Morski Sviat" Publishing House


Photo used on an educational and non-profit site;http://members.home.net/mariner-pics/, Martin Leduc
Type of Propeller
Propellers are ship's devices which use the energy of the engine and create a force in the water capable of moving the vessel in a particular direction.
1. Screw-propellers (the most common ones used in modern ships)
2. Driving wheels - These are the oldest propellers that are no longer in use. If you have watched the movie "Tom Sawyer" after Mark Twain, the steamers sailing along the Mississippi River you see are propelled by driving wheels.
3. Others (such as water-jet ships, sailing vessels and rowboats)









Photo used on an educational and non-profit site;http://members.home.net/mariner-pics/, Martin Leduc
Number of Propeller-Shafts
Shafts play the role of an intermediary - they transmit the motion from the main engine to the propeller.
1. One-shaft vessels
2. Two-shaft vessels
3. Three-shaft vessels
4. Four-shafted vessels

Architecture and Design
According to:
1. Number of hulls - mono-hull ships, double-hull ships , three-hulled ships
2. Number of decks
3. Number of superstructures
4. Location of the engine room





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