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Gregor Mendel-“Father of Genetics”

Studied at the University of Vienna in Math and Physics

Spent next seven years after graduating growing and hybridizing common garden peas.
Died in 1884, his work still unknown to the scientific community

Genotype and Phenotype

Genotype-the actual genes of an individual

Phenotype-the physical expression of those genes

Determined by genotype and the interaction of the genotype with the environment

Mendel’s Results and Modern Concepts

Allele-variation of a trait (Ex. Blue or Brown Eyes)

Allele Expression
Dominant Allele- an allele that is always expressed when present
Recessive Allele- an allele that can be suppressed or masked by the dominant allele
Homologous Chromosome Pairs

Homozygous-if the same allele is present on each homologous chromosome
Called homozygotes-pure breeding for that specific trait
Heterozygous-if two different alleles are present on a gene
Called heterozygotes-transmits one of two different types of alleles to the

Offspring
Three possible genotypes/ Two possible phenotypes
RR-dominant homozygote-same phenotype
Rr-heterozygote-same phenotype
rr-recessive homozygote-different phenotype

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