OPTICAL RELATIONSHIPS

Wave Formula:  v = f * λ

v - wave speed;  f - frequency;  λ - wave length

Uniformly Illuminated Surface:  E = (lm) ÷ A

E - illumination;  lm - luminous flux;  A - uniformly illuminated area

Images in Mirrors and Lenses:  (S₀ / S₁) = (D₀ / D₁)

S₀ - object size;  S₁ - image size;  D₀ - object distance;  D₁ - image distance

Focal length of Mirrors and Lenses:  (1 / f) = (1 / D₀) + (1 / D₁)

f - focal length;  D₀ - object distance;  D₁ - image distance

Snell's Law:  n₁sinθ₁ = n₂sinθ₂

n₁ - refractive index of material;  θ₁ - angle between ray and normal to surface.

[Physics Homepage]