Cellular Metabolism

Cells have to carry out tens of thousands of chemical reactions to maintain their proper function. All of these reactions need energy, but where does the energy come from? Since the beginning of evolution, cells have developed highly efficient metabolic systems. The specific mechanisms vary in different cell types. For example, plant cells derive their energy from photosynthesis and animal cells rely on aerobic respiration to fulfill their energy needs. Although the mechanisms differ, the end goal of all metabolic systems is the same, to produce ATP molecules. Choose from the sections below to learn about ATP and see how cells get their energy supply.

        Cellular Currency: ATP
            ATP is the de facto standard of energy in cells.
            Find out what makes it so special.

        Photosynthesis
            Plants use photosynthesis to convert sun light, CO₂,
            and water into sugar. In the process, ATP is also
            produced. Click here to find out more.

        Cellular Respiration
            Animal cells produce energy through an oxygen-
            dependent cellular respiration. Find out more about 
            this process.