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A Solar cell is a device designed to harvest electrical energy from sunlight. Solar cells are used in place of batteries in instruments such as satellites and calculators. These devices can use solar cells because they are either always exposed to the sun, such as the satellite, or they require only a miniscule amount of electricity, such as the calculator.
A Solar cell is built on a semiconductor. A semiconductor is a material in which the flow of electricity can be controlled. Silicon is used as the semiconductor in the solar cell. Each cell has two layers of silicon, arranged like a sandwich. The atoms in the silicon layers are arranged in a lattice, or plaid pattern. The top layer of silicon contains extra electrons. The lower level has missing electrons. The matrix between the two layers is where the electrons are transferred.
When light hits the silicon, it frees an electron from the top layer, the one with extra electrons. The newly freed electron is pulled into the lower layer, the one with missing electrons, to fill the void. On the top layer, a new electron is pulled in to fill the space that was just occupied by the old, extra electron. The new electron is knocked out, pulled through the middle, and joined to the bottom layer. This flow continues, and eventually, an electrical current is established
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 Diego from Argentina contributed:
Los paneles solares se utilizan principalmente para calefones solares para los paises que no tienen recursos naturales como el gas.
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David Macaulay "Solar Cell
Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, 1988
Bibliography
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