Survival Rights

Include such provisions as adequate living standard and access to medical services with specific articles concerning survival and development, paternal responsibilities, refugee and disabled children, social security and children of minorities or indigenous population.

RIGHT TO LIFE

Article 6 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) states that every child has the inherent right to life and the state has an obligation to ensure the child's survival and development.

The right to life involves negative and positive obligations. Negative obligations are the duty not to do something, that is,shooting a child who is trying to run away, torturing a child to get information, beating a child while arresting him or while breaking up a demonstration,aborting an unwanted baby, killing a child in an accident caused by reckless driving or death caused by giving the wrong treatment in a hospital are all examples of the violation of the right to life.

The positive obligations of a goverment regarding the right to life includes the duty to ensure the access of all children to the basic services that support the right to life, such as medical care when it is needed, enough food so that children are not malnourished, an efficient warning system about the coming of typhoon and the prevention of air and water polution.

RIGHT TO A WHOLESOME FAMILY LIFE

All the children have the right to grow up in a good family environment. Article 9 of the CRC states that the child has the right to live with his or her parents unless this is deemed to be incompatible with the child's best interests. The child also has the right to mantian contact with both parents if seperated from one both. Also, Article 10 states that children and their parents have the right to leave any country and to enter their own for purposes of reunion or the maintenance of the child-parent relationship.

The family is the most important institution for the development of a child. When children first enter the world, they enter into the context of the family, and it is within the family that they require their first values, their first behavioral norms, their first emotions, and this contributes to determining the healthy or unhealthy development of personality.

There are three criteria in which we could refer to when it comes to family. There is the criterion of blood relations, whereby family means all of the people who are relatives, or all the people with whom we share some kind of blood ties. We could also say that family means all of the people we live with, the human group with whom we cohabit. But there is another very important criterion, a definite one, which is the affective criterion, whereby family means the people who have loved us, who have cared for us, who have fed us, who have given us a sense of self esteem and of esteem for others.

RIGHT TO A DECENT STANDARD OF LIVING

All the children have the right to a decent standard of living adequate to his total development.

Article 27 of the CRC states that every child has the right to a standard of living adequate for his or her physical, mental, spiritual, moral and social development. The parents have the primary responsibility of providing the child with a decent standard of living. The states duty is to provide material assistance and support programs. Particularly with regards to nutrition, clothing and housing.

RIGHT OF A DISABLED CHILD TO SPECIAL CARE, TRAINING AND EDUCATION

A disabled child deserves special care, education and training to be of help to the society. Article 23 of the CRC says that a mentally or physically disabled child should enjoy a full decent life, in conditions which ensure dignity, promote self reliance and facilitate the child's active participation in the community. It also mentions the responsibility of the goverment in extending assistance in terms of the disabled child's access to education, training, health care services, rehabilitation opportunities in a manner conducive to the child's achieving the fullest possible social integration and individual development.
Children with disability shall include mentally retarded, physically handicapped, emotionaly disturbed and severely mentally ill children.

RIGHT OF REFUGEE CHILDREN

Article 22 of the CRC states that special protection shall be granted to a refugee child or to a child seeking refugee status. It is the State's obligation to cooperate with competent organizations which provide such protection and assistance.

RIGHT TO HAVE MEDICAL CARE AND HEALTH SERVICES

Article 24 of the CRC says that a child has the right to the highest standard of health and medical care attainable. States shall place special emphasis on the provision of primary and preventive health care, public health education and the reduction of infant mortality. They shall encourage international co-operation in this regard and strive to see that no child is deprived of access to effective health services.

CHILDREN OF MINORITIES OR INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS

Article 30 of the CRC states that children of minority communities and indigenous populations have the right to enjoy their own culture and to practice thier own religion and language.

SOCIAL SECURITY

Article 26 of the CRC states the the child has the right to benefit from social security including social insurance.

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