
Knowledge about the Tang dynasty comes from tombs
discovered from that period. Great masters such as Wu Daozi and
Yang Huizhi made the Tang dynasty famous for its
exceptional
figure painting and clay sculptures. The flowering of the arts during
the Tang dynasty, especially during High Tang, was evident in painting,
calligraphy, and poetry. High Tang, which lasted between mid 7th
to mid 8th century, was the time in which China possessed the most
power and attained the most prosperity and assimilated foreign techniques
and ideas. Foreign countries were eager to establish trade relations
with China, which was fostered by the Silk Route.
Tomb figures of the Tang period were realistic and natural looking,
given a sense of life by the skill of the potters. Common tomb figures
depicted foreigners and animals such as horses and ox. Art found
in these tombs portray everyday life in the diverse Tang dynasty.
Less rigidity in figurines and more individuality displayed by the
sculptors set them apart from previous dynasties.
Gold
and silver vessels were made by hand using a variety of techniques
such as hammering a design from the inside of the vessel or gilding.
Floral and animal motifs were often found on vessels. Many techniques
using gold and silver also flourished during the Tang dynasty mainly
due to foreign relations with the Middle East.
Pottery reached its zenith in the 10th century especially due to
the development of pure porcelain by heating kaolin (a fine white
clay) at extremely high temperatures. The earliest porcelain artifact
has been found in a Tang tomb dating back to 661 A.D. Ceramic objects
gained popularity and slowly replaced lacquer objects found in tombs.
Ceramic sculptors painted their figurines with green, brown, and
yellow, which were known as the "three-colors."
The Buddhist religion reached its peak during the Tang dynasty
and stimulated the art world and became a major influence as many
extraordinary pieces prove this to be true. One such piece is the
Vairocana Buddha (pic) of Fengxiansi at Longmen created in 672 A.D.
upon the request of Empress Wu. It is an open temple with Vairocana
Buddha, two bodhisattvas, two heavenly kings, and two guardians.
Most sculptors were anonymous. Yang Huizhi of the 8th century earned
fame from his Buddhist clay figures. Whether it was made from rock
or metal, Tang Buddhist figures had a style of its own where round
faces, thick lips, bow shaped eyebrows, and almond shaped eyes were
dominant features. They were often decorated with brilliant colors
and elaborate designs.
Did
you know...
The most valuable stone in ancient times was jade; it was thought
to possess magic and was thus associated with immortality.