Vanadzor is the third largest Armenian city population wise. With such nicknames as the "The Lori Beauty, the City of Flowers, and the City of Songs", Vanadzor has been known for its significant culture and scientific importance. The city of Vanadzor is situated in northeast Armenia, between the Pambak and Bazum mountains. The city is 145 kilometers from Yerevan. The climate in Vanadzor is moderate and mild. Due to such a favorable geographic location, Vanadzor is rich in resorts and sanatoriums, and continues to be a popular area people enjoy. During several archeological excavations tombs were uncovered, many of which dated back to bronze and iron ages. The ornaments on the tombs, the various jugs, and other vessels found, revealed the wonderful world of ancient Vanadzor. The study of collected material samples showed that the inhabitants of Vanadzor interacted in Armenia, and throughout Asia Minor. An area called the Lori Abyss, with its picturesque woods, mysterious caves, and architectural monuments are mentioned in many local legends. Many consider them a national treasure, with historical value. Like the Gugark state, the territory of Vanadzor used to be a part of Great Haik, later part of the Kiurikian kingdom. The 20th Century proved a favorable time in Vanadzor history. With improved landscape, as part of a beautification process, and the improvement of factories, the city image was altered for the better. Vanadzor has since quickly become famous for scientific research institutes. Various museums, like The Vanadzor Picture Gallery possess works by Armenian, Russian and European artists of all backrounds. The Hovhannes Abelian Drama Theater is another cultural center prominent in the city. Esteemed actors such as Siranuish, Abelian, V. Papasian, H.Nersisian, and Hasmik have graced the theater's stage. Music life has also flourished quite a bit since the 1950's, when the first music school established by E.Kzartmian opened. The "City of Flowers" has its traditional "Day of Flowers", as recognition of their culture and history. Every year on May 20, the inhabitants of Lori decorate the city with flower bouquets.