At the beginning of the XX c., Armenia was divided into two parts. Copper production was the main branch of industry in East Armenia. Wine and cognac production was developing (80% of its production was exported to Russia and international markets). Armenia was still in a provincial position and couldn't develop as a free, independent state. West Armenia was in a worse position. In 1908-1909 Turks attacked Armenian villages and districts, slaved thousands of people. The number of the victims in Cilician massacre overwhelmed 30000 Armenians. But this was the prelude to the "main" genocide (1915). In spring 1915 Armenians were exiled to the deserts of Syria and Mesopotamia, many of them were tortured, raped and killed, the rest died on the way. On April 24, 1915, the representatives of Armenian intelligence were assassinated in Constantinopolis. The genocide lasted for approximately two years and swept away more than 1500000 people. The horror of this genocide can't be compared with "Bartholomew night". Turks have never admitted the fact of the genocide. They falsificated the history of the massacre. Turkish government refuses to open the archives and doesn't show the documents referring to the slay of Armenians to international specialists. In the years of the genocide, many Armenians had to flee to different countries: the USA, France, Russia, Syria and others. They spread all over the world and formed Armenian Diaspora ("spyurk" - spread around). The number of the population and towns increased. According to the data in 1897, Yerevan provinces housed 830000 people. Armenian bourgeois invested its capital into industrial and commercial enterprises in Tbilisi (62%), Batumi and Baku. After so many years of dependence and expectation for a better life, Armenia was declared a Republic in 1918. It had been an independent state for two years. Then it stepped on the way of socialistic development. During 70 years of its "Soviet" existence different branches of industry, Arts, Science were flourishing. Armenia was a producer of well-known cognac, wines, cheese, and textile products. It had highly developed chemical and machinery industries. The cultural life was prospering in the spheres of theatre, music, literature, and architecture. Famous Armenian architects Levon Tokmajian, Artashes Hovsepian, Yervand Kochar, Ara Sargsian, and others carved a lot of statues and monuments. Armenian Art Gallery possesses a rich collection of works by such outstanding artists as Gevorg Bashindjiagian, Vardges Sureniants, Hakob Hovnatanian, and Martiros Saryan. Music begot Armenian composers whose works are played in all the parts of our planet. These were Aram Khachaturian, Arno Babajanian, Alexander Spendiarian, Melic-Pashaev and Komitas, who crowned Armenian "melodies" with divinity. After the break up of the USSR Armenia as well as other Republics declared their independence. Armenia was the first to face a new, free life. Republic of Armenia is a democratic state, with its Constitution defending the rights and freedom of Armenian citizens. In 1988-1998 Armenian troops fought in Karabakh war and shed blood for long ten years. Armenia has established international relations with the USA, Europe and East. It has become a member of UNO and other international organizations.