The Iwak population as a whole is not homogenous and they disperse themselves among the dominant ethnic groups. Thereafter, they are acculturated into the characteristics of these dominant groups creating a variation of technology, language and culture. Their settlements tend to cluster on the higher slopes of the mountains near stream sources. Hence, they are found in watersheds of the drainage systems of the Cordillera and Caraballo mountains.
Iwak subsistence technology ranges from the intensive type of wet rice agriculture to slash-and-burn cultivation of both grain and root crops. This is a manifestation of the culture of the dominant tribes around them. Significantly, however, taro is still being cultivated; it is the preferred staple and ritually most prized. Recently, the sweet potato has been supplanting taro in the Iwak's daily diet in most areas but, indicatively, taro is still irreplaceable for ritual purposes.
The market sphere of Iwak produce is concentrated in handicraft manufacture. They are sold at outlets specifically in the town of Santa Fe, Nueva Viscaya, which is at the juncture of the Cordillera and Caraballo mountains. This production is limited to two kinds; basket and broom making. Basketry technique has three classes: Kabang - all purpose back basket, Gipias - small shallow tray used during mealtime and Dakilan a large flat tray mostly used during rituals.
Source:
Jesus Peralta, "Iwak"
