William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) (1824-1907), son of a mathematics professor at the University of Glasgow, entered the University at age ten, published his first scientific paper when he was sixteen, and was named professor of physics at age twenty-two. He remained at Glasgow for fifty-three years. Thomson is most famous for his work in thermodynamics, but his theoretical analysis of cable transmission and his inventions (1854-1858) made the transatlantic cable possible and brought him great wealth and a knighthood. During the late 1860's he was involved in a famous controversy against the supporters of Darwin. In 1892 he was raised to the peerage.