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A condition of abnormal sensitivity to light (i.e., the amount of light entering the eye); usually, the iris is unable to constrict enough to reduce the light entering the eye. Photophobia is also called Light sensitivity, is a sensitivity or intolerance to light. This condition is normally a symptom of associated disorders or disease (e.g., corneal inflammation, aphakia, iritis, or ocular albinism). Some drugs and/or poisons also can cause photophobia by causing pupil dilation (notably, amphetamines and antihistamines, cannabis and cocaine, atropine, scopolamine, mydriotics and cycloplegics and strychnine).

Photophobia is eye pain with light, especially bright light exposure. It is experienced with conditions of the eye, as well as with certain viral infections. For example, viral encephalitis can have photophobia as a prominent symptom, along with headache and stiff neck.

  

Glare-control sunglasses, like these by Corning, are helpful if you're sensitive to sunlight or even strong indoor lighting.

Usually photophobia is a symptom of another underlying problem, such as a corneal abrasion, uveitis (inflammation of the inner portion of the eye), or a central nervous system disorder such as meningitis. Light sensitivity may also accompany retinal detachment, contact lens irritations, sunburn and refractive surgery. People with lighter-colored eyes, cataracts and those who suffer from migraine headaches notice more sensitivity to light and glare.

You may experience photophobia if you're diagnosed with any of the following conditions: albinism, total color deficiency (seeing only in shades of gray), botulism, rabies, mercury poisoning, conjunctivitis, keratitis or iritis. Some medications may cause light sensitivity as a side effect, including belladonna, furosemide, quinine, tetracycline and doxycycline.

The main symptom of photophobia is a need to squint or close your eyes in bright light. Headache may also accompany light sensitivity.


The best treatment for light sensitivity is to treat the underlying cause. In many cases, once the triggering factor is treated, photophobia disappears. The same holds true for medications causing light sensitivity. Discontinue the medication, and normal tolerance of light is returned. Discuss possible side effects with your prescribing physician before discontinuing any medications. Avoid bright sunlight and other bright lights if you're sensitive to light. Wear wide-brimmed hats and appropriate sun protection on your eyes. Be sure your sunglasses have ultraviolet protection. While wearing sunglasses, your pupil dilates to allow more light to enter your eye. Additional harmful UV rays enter as well. Keep in mind that light sensitivity may be allowing your eye to heal, especially in cases of photophobia associated with refractive surgery, corneal abrasion and other eye conditions. Light sensitivity is frequently a natural defense when the eye is traumatized.

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Source(s): All above information & images are based on: an article written by Gretchyn Bailey allaboutvision.com and an article present at tsbvi.edu. All rights reserved by respective owners.

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Disclaimer: Any information displayed here is just for educational purposes, and may not be taken as an expert advice and should not be applied in life without consulting your eye doctor/specialist. We here by take no responsiblity of the accuracy of the above content as they have been taken from various sources.

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Photophobia